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Step 1 Classic Presentations > Classic Labs/Findings > Flashcards

Classic Labs/Findings Flashcards

1
Q

Scleroderma (CREST)

A

anticentromere Ab

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2
Q

Pemphigus vulgaris (blistering)

A

antidesmoglein (epithelial) Ab

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3
Q

Goodpasture syndrome (glomerulonephritis and hemoptysis)

A

anti-glomerular basement membrane Ab
linear appliance of IgG deposition on basement membrane
necrotizing vasculitis (lungs) and necrotizing glomerulonephritis (also Wegeners)

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4
Q

Drug-induced SLE

A 
antihistone Ab
Hydralazine
INH
phenytoin
procainamide
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5
Q

RA

A

anti-IgG Ab

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6
Q

primary biliary cirrhosis

A

antimitochondrial Ab (AMAs)
female
cholestasis
portal hypertension

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7
Q

Microscopic polyangiitis

A

p-ANCA

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8
Q

Churg-Strauss syndrome

A

p-ANCA

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9
Q

Granulomatosis with polyangiitis

A 
c-ANCA
necrotizing vasculitis (lungs) and necrotizing glomerulonephritis (also Goodpast)
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10
Q

SLE

A

anti-Smith (spliceosomal snRNPs Ab)

anti-dsDNA

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11
Q

Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura

A

antiplatelet Ab

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12
Q

diffuse systemic scleroderma

A

anti-topoisomerase Ab

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13
Q

Mixed CT Disease

A

anti-U1 RNP

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14
Q

Celiac Dz

A

anti-xsglutaminase Ab
anti-gliadin Ab
anti-endomysial Ab

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15
Q

Colorectal cancer

A

usually left sided

apple core lesion on abdominal x-ray

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16
Q

AML (M3)

A

Auer rods

azurophilic peroxidase + granular inclusions in granulocytes and myeloblasts

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17
Q

S. pyogenes bacitracin

A

sensitive

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18
Q

S. aglactiae bacitracin

A

resistant

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19
Q

Ankylosing spondylitis

A

HLA-B27

bamboo spine on x-ray

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20
Q

Splenectomy or nonfunctional spleen

A

Howell-Jolly bodies

basophilic nuclear remnants in RBCs

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21
Q

Lead poisoning

A

basophilic stippling

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22
Q

sideroblastic anemia

A

basophilic stippling

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23
Q

Subarachnoid hemorrhage

A

bloody tap on LP

Xanthochromia = yellowish CSF

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24
Q

Tetralogy of Fallot, RVH

A

boot-shaped heart on x-ray

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25
Q

Actinomyces israelii

A

branching gram + rods with sulfur granules

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26
Q

Pancoast tumor

A

bronchogenic apical lung tumor on imaging

possible Horner syndrome is compression of Sympathetic ganglion occurs

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27
Q

Hyperparathyroidism

A

brown tumor of bone

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28
Q

osteitis fibrosa cystica

A

brown tumor of bone

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29
Q

Chagas Dz

A

cardiomegaly with apical atrophy

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30
Q

Rapidly progressive crescentic glomerulonephritis

A

cellular crescents in Bowman capsule

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31
Q

endometriosis

A

chocolate cyst of ovary

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32
Q

Neuroblastoma
Medulloblastoma
Retinoblastoma

A

Homer-Wright Rosettes = circular grouping of dark tumor cells surrounding pale neurofibrils

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33
Q

CF

A

colonies of mucoid Pseudomonas in lungs

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34
Q

Down syndrome

A

def AFP in amniotic fluid/maternal serum

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35
Q

Tabes dorsalis

subacute combined degeneration

A

degeneration of dorsal column nerves

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36
Q

Parkinson disease

A

depigmentation of neurons in substantia nigra

Lewy body = eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusion in nerve cell

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37
Q

Bronchial asthma

A

curschmann spirals = desquamated epith casts in sputum

Charcot-Leyden crystals = hexagonal double-pointed needle-like crystals in secretions

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38
Q

Granulosa-theca cell tumor of the ovary

A

Call-Exner bodies = disarrayed granulosa cells in eosinophilic fluid

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39
Q

HPV

A

Kiolocytes = dysplastic squamous cervical cells with nuclear enlargement and hyperchromasia

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40
Q

CMV

A

Owl-eye cells = enlarged cells with intranuclear inclusion bodies
Cowdry type A bodies = intracellular eosinophilic drop-like bodies

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41
Q

Papillary Ca of the thyroid

A

Orphan Annie eyes nuclei = enlarged thyroid cells with ground glass nuclei

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42
Q

Alcoholic liver Disease

A

mallory bodies = eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusion in liver cell

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43
Q

Toxic or viral hepatitis

A

Councilman body = eosinophilic globule in liver

44
Q

Rabies

A

Negri bodies = eosinophilic inclusion bodies in cytoplasm of hippocampal and cerebellar nerve cells

45
Q

Alzheimer disease

A

senile plaques = extracellular amyloid deposition in gray matter of brain
neurofibrillary tangles = protein aggregates in neurons from hyperphosphorylation of tau protein

46
Q

Hodgkin lymphoma

A

Reed-Sternberg cells = Giant B cells with bilobed nuclei with prominent inclusions (owl’s eye)

47
Q

Yolk sac tumor

A

Schiller-Duval bodies = glomerulus-like structure surrounding vessel in germ cells

48
Q

Sickle cell

A

hair on end (crew cut) appearance on x-ray

49
Q

beta-thalassemia

A

hair on end (crew cut) appearance on x-ray

50
Q

ChorioCa

hydatidiform mole

A

elevated hCG

51
Q

Rheumatic fever

A

Aschoff bodies = heart nodules (granulomas)

52
Q

EBV

A

heterophile Ab

53
Q

DIC
DVT
PE

A

high level of d-dimer

54
Q

Primary TB

A

Ghon complex = hilar lymphadenopathy, peripheral granulomatous lesion in middle or lower lung lobes

55
Q

Interstitial pulmonary fibrosis

A

honeycomb lung on x-ray or CT

56
Q

AdenoCa of pancreas or lung

A

Trousseau syndrome = hyper coagulability leading to migrating DVTs and vasculitis (migratory thrombophlebitis)

57
Q

B12 def

A

neurologic Sx
megaloblastic macrocytic anemia
hypersegmented neutrophils

58
Q

Folate def

A

no neurologic Sx
megaloblastic macrocytic anemia
hypersegmented neutrophils

59
Q

Conn syndrome

A

HTN
hypokalemia
metabolic alkalosis

60
Q

Iron def anemia
lead poisoning
thalassemia

A

hypochromic, microcytic anemia

61
Q

dating error
anencephaly
spina bifida

A

inc AFP in amniotic fluid/maternal serum

62
Q

Gout
Lesch-Nyhan
tumor lysis syndrome
loop and thiazide diuretics

A

inc uric acid levels

63
Q

HSV

A

Cowdry type A bodies = intracellular eosinophilic drop-like bodies

64
Q

Asbestosis

A

Ferruginous bodies = iron-containing nodules in alveolar septum

65
Q

SCC

A

keratin pearls on skin biopsy

66
Q

Chediak-Higashi Dz

A

large lysosomal vesicles in phagocyes, immunodef

67
Q

Ulcerative colitis

A

lead pipe appearance of colon on barium enema x-ray due to loss of haustra

68
Q

Wilson Dz

A

low serum cerruloplasmin

69
Q

Poststrep golmerulonephritis

A

lumpy bumpy appearance of glomeruli on IF

70
Q

Multiple myeloma

A

lytic “hole punched” bone lesions on x-ray
monoclonal Ab spike
Rouleaux formation = stacks of RBCs

71
Q

Fibrocystic change in breast

A

mammary gland blue domed cyst

72
Q

Monoclonal gammopahty of US
Waldenstrom macroglob.
Primary amyloidosis

A

monoclonal Ab spike

73
Q

Gastric Ca

A

signet ring cells = mucin-filled cell with peripheral nucleus

74
Q

Crohn Dz

A

string sign = narrowing of bowl lumen on barium x-ray

75
Q

Granulomatosis with polyangiitis

A

c-ANCA
PR3-ANCA
necrotizing vasculitis

76
Q

Gout

A

inc uric acid levels

needle-shaped negatively birefringent crystals

77
Q

Diabetic nephropathy

A

Kimmelstiel-Wilson nodules = nodular hyaline deposits in glomeruli

78
Q

S. epidermidis novobiocin

79
Q

S. saprophyticus novobiocin

80
Q

Chronic passive congestive liver d/t right sided heart failure

A

nutmeg appearance of liver

81
Q

Ewing sarcoma

A

malignant round-cell tumor
onion skin periosteal reaction
Codman triangle = periosteum raised from bone, creating triangular area

82
Q

S. pneumonia optochin

83
Q

S. viridans optochin

84
Q

Osteosarcoma
Pyogenic osteomyelitis
Ewing sarcoma

A

Codman triangle = periosteum raised from bone creating triangular area

85
Q

Minimal change Dz

A

podocyte fusion or effacement on EM

86
Q

Pick Dz

A

Pick bodies = protein aggregates in neurons from hyperphosphorylation of tau protein; silver staining
progressive demential and personality changes

87
Q

Psammoma bodies

A

Meningiomas
papillary thyroid Ca
mesothelioma
papillary serous Ca of the endometrium and ovary

88
Q

Glioblastoma multiforme

A

psuedopalisading tumor cells on brain biopsy

89
Q

Acute glomerulonephritis

A

RBC casts in urine

90
Q

Leydig Cell tumor

A

Reinke crystals = rectangular, crystal-like cytoplasmic inclusion in leydig cells

91
Q

acute toxic/viral renal injury

A

renal epithelial casts in urine

92
Q

Psuedogout

A

Ca++ pyrophosphate dihydrate crystals = rhomboid crystals

+ birefringent

93
Q

Coarctication of the aorta

A

rib notching (adult - distal)

94
Q

Toxoplasma gondii

CNS lymphoma

A

ring-enhancing brain lesion in AIDS

95
Q

Burkitt lymphoma

A

sheets of med-sized lymphoid cells with scattered pale, tingible body-laden macrophages

96
Q

Giant cell tumor of bone

A

soap bubble in femur or tibia on xray

97
Q

Membranous glomerulonephritis

A

spikes on basement membrane

dome like subepithelial deposits

98
Q

Histocytosis X

A

Birbeck granules = tennis racket shaped cytoplasmic organelles

99
Q

Arterial thrombus

A

lines of Zahn = thrombi made of white/red layers

100
Q

Epiglottitis

A

H. influenzae

thumb sign on xray

101
Q

chronic bacterial pyelonephritis

A

thyroid like appearance of kidney

102
Q

Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis

A

tram track appearance of capillary loops of glomerular basement membranes on light micro

103
Q

fatty liver dz

A

TG accumulation in liver cell vacuoles

104
Q

chronic ESRD

A

waxy casts with very low urine flow

105
Q

acute pyelonephritis

A

WBC casts in urine

106
Q

CLL

A

WBC smudge cells

107
Q

lupus nephropathy

A

wire loop glomerular capillary appearance on light micro

Step 1 Classic Presentations (3 decks)

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