Classic Labs/Findings Flashcards
1
Q
Scleroderma (CREST)
A
anticentromere Ab
2
Q
Pemphigus vulgaris (blistering)
A
antidesmoglein (epithelial) Ab
3
Q
Goodpasture syndrome (glomerulonephritis and hemoptysis)
A
anti-glomerular basement membrane Ab
linear appliance of IgG deposition on basement membrane
necrotizing vasculitis (lungs) and necrotizing glomerulonephritis (also Wegeners)
4
Q
Drug-induced SLE
A
antihistone Ab Hydralazine INH phenytoin procainamide
5
Q
RA
A
anti-IgG Ab
6
Q
primary biliary cirrhosis
A
antimitochondrial Ab (AMAs)
female
cholestasis
portal hypertension
7
Q
Microscopic polyangiitis
A
p-ANCA
8
Q
Churg-Strauss syndrome
A
p-ANCA
9
Q
Granulomatosis with polyangiitis
A
c-ANCA necrotizing vasculitis (lungs) and necrotizing glomerulonephritis (also Goodpast)
10
Q
SLE
A
anti-Smith (spliceosomal snRNPs Ab)
anti-dsDNA
11
Q
Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura
A
antiplatelet Ab
12
Q
diffuse systemic scleroderma
A
anti-topoisomerase Ab
13
Q
Mixed CT Disease
A
anti-U1 RNP
14
Q
Celiac Dz
A
anti-xsglutaminase Ab
anti-gliadin Ab
anti-endomysial Ab
15
Q
Colorectal cancer
A
usually left sided
apple core lesion on abdominal x-ray
16
Q
AML (M3)
A
Auer rods
azurophilic peroxidase + granular inclusions in granulocytes and myeloblasts
17
Q
S. pyogenes bacitracin
A
sensitive
18
Q
S. aglactiae bacitracin
A
resistant
19
Q
Ankylosing spondylitis
A
HLA-B27
bamboo spine on x-ray
20
Q
Splenectomy or nonfunctional spleen
A
Howell-Jolly bodies
basophilic nuclear remnants in RBCs
21
Q
Lead poisoning
A
basophilic stippling
22
Q
sideroblastic anemia
A
basophilic stippling
23
Q
Subarachnoid hemorrhage
A
bloody tap on LP
Xanthochromia = yellowish CSF
24
Q
Tetralogy of Fallot, RVH
A
boot-shaped heart on x-ray
25
Actinomyces israelii
branching gram + rods with sulfur granules
26
Pancoast tumor
bronchogenic apical lung tumor on imaging
| possible Horner syndrome is compression of Sympathetic ganglion occurs
27
Hyperparathyroidism
brown tumor of bone
28
osteitis fibrosa cystica
brown tumor of bone
29
Chagas Dz
cardiomegaly with apical atrophy
30
Rapidly progressive crescentic glomerulonephritis
cellular crescents in Bowman capsule
31
endometriosis
chocolate cyst of ovary
32
Neuroblastoma
Medulloblastoma
Retinoblastoma
Homer-Wright Rosettes = circular grouping of dark tumor cells surrounding pale neurofibrils
33
CF
colonies of mucoid Pseudomonas in lungs
34
Down syndrome
def AFP in amniotic fluid/maternal serum
35
Tabes dorsalis
| subacute combined degeneration
degeneration of dorsal column nerves
36
Parkinson disease
depigmentation of neurons in substantia nigra
| Lewy body = eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusion in nerve cell
37
Bronchial asthma
curschmann spirals = desquamated epith casts in sputum
| Charcot-Leyden crystals = hexagonal double-pointed needle-like crystals in secretions
38
Granulosa-theca cell tumor of the ovary
Call-Exner bodies = disarrayed granulosa cells in eosinophilic fluid
39
HPV
Kiolocytes = dysplastic squamous cervical cells with nuclear enlargement and hyperchromasia
40
CMV
Owl-eye cells = enlarged cells with intranuclear inclusion bodies
Cowdry type A bodies = intracellular eosinophilic drop-like bodies
41
Papillary Ca of the thyroid
Orphan Annie eyes nuclei = enlarged thyroid cells with ground glass nuclei
42
Alcoholic liver Disease
mallory bodies = eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusion in liver cell
43
Toxic or viral hepatitis
Councilman body = eosinophilic globule in liver
44
Rabies
Negri bodies = eosinophilic inclusion bodies in cytoplasm of hippocampal and cerebellar nerve cells
45
Alzheimer disease
senile plaques = extracellular amyloid deposition in gray matter of brain
neurofibrillary tangles = protein aggregates in neurons from hyperphosphorylation of tau protein
46
Hodgkin lymphoma
Reed-Sternberg cells = Giant B cells with bilobed nuclei with prominent inclusions (owl's eye)
47
Yolk sac tumor
Schiller-Duval bodies = glomerulus-like structure surrounding vessel in germ cells
48
Sickle cell
hair on end (crew cut) appearance on x-ray
49
beta-thalassemia
hair on end (crew cut) appearance on x-ray
50
ChorioCa
| hydatidiform mole
elevated hCG
51
Rheumatic fever
Aschoff bodies = heart nodules (granulomas)
52
EBV
heterophile Ab
53
DIC
DVT
PE
high level of d-dimer
54
Primary TB
Ghon complex = hilar lymphadenopathy, peripheral granulomatous lesion in middle or lower lung lobes
55
Interstitial pulmonary fibrosis
honeycomb lung on x-ray or CT
56
AdenoCa of pancreas or lung
Trousseau syndrome = hyper coagulability leading to migrating DVTs and vasculitis (migratory thrombophlebitis)
57
B12 def
neurologic Sx
megaloblastic macrocytic anemia
hypersegmented neutrophils
58
Folate def
no neurologic Sx
megaloblastic macrocytic anemia
hypersegmented neutrophils
59
Conn syndrome
HTN
hypokalemia
metabolic alkalosis
60
Iron def anemia
lead poisoning
thalassemia
hypochromic, microcytic anemia
61
dating error
anencephaly
spina bifida
inc AFP in amniotic fluid/maternal serum
62
Gout
Lesch-Nyhan
tumor lysis syndrome
loop and thiazide diuretics
inc uric acid levels
63
HSV
Cowdry type A bodies = intracellular eosinophilic drop-like bodies
64
Asbestosis
Ferruginous bodies = iron-containing nodules in alveolar septum
65
SCC
keratin pearls on skin biopsy
66
Chediak-Higashi Dz
large lysosomal vesicles in phagocyes, immunodef
67
Ulcerative colitis
lead pipe appearance of colon on barium enema x-ray due to loss of haustra
68
Wilson Dz
low serum cerruloplasmin
69
Poststrep golmerulonephritis
lumpy bumpy appearance of glomeruli on IF
70
Multiple myeloma
lytic "hole punched" bone lesions on x-ray
monoclonal Ab spike
Rouleaux formation = stacks of RBCs
71
Fibrocystic change in breast
mammary gland blue domed cyst
72
Monoclonal gammopahty of US
Waldenstrom macroglob.
Primary amyloidosis
monoclonal Ab spike
73
Gastric Ca
signet ring cells = mucin-filled cell with peripheral nucleus
74
Crohn Dz
string sign = narrowing of bowl lumen on barium x-ray
75
Granulomatosis with polyangiitis
c-ANCA
PR3-ANCA
necrotizing vasculitis
76
Gout
inc uric acid levels
| needle-shaped negatively birefringent crystals
77
Diabetic nephropathy
Kimmelstiel-Wilson nodules = nodular hyaline deposits in glomeruli
78
S. epidermidis novobiocin
sensitive
79
S. saprophyticus novobiocin
resistant
80
Chronic passive congestive liver d/t right sided heart failure
nutmeg appearance of liver
81
Ewing sarcoma
malignant round-cell tumor
onion skin periosteal reaction
Codman triangle = periosteum raised from bone, creating triangular area
82
S. pneumonia optochin
sensitive
83
S. viridans optochin
resistant
84
Osteosarcoma
Pyogenic osteomyelitis
Ewing sarcoma
Codman triangle = periosteum raised from bone creating triangular area
85
Minimal change Dz
podocyte fusion or effacement on EM
86
Pick Dz
Pick bodies = protein aggregates in neurons from hyperphosphorylation of tau protein; silver staining
progressive demential and personality changes
87
Psammoma bodies
Meningiomas
papillary thyroid Ca
mesothelioma
papillary serous Ca of the endometrium and ovary
88
Glioblastoma multiforme
psuedopalisading tumor cells on brain biopsy
89
Acute glomerulonephritis
RBC casts in urine
90
Leydig Cell tumor
Reinke crystals = rectangular, crystal-like cytoplasmic inclusion in leydig cells
91
acute toxic/viral renal injury
renal epithelial casts in urine
92
Psuedogout
Ca++ pyrophosphate dihydrate crystals = rhomboid crystals
| + birefringent
93
Coarctication of the aorta
rib notching (adult - distal)
94
Toxoplasma gondii
| CNS lymphoma
ring-enhancing brain lesion in AIDS
95
Burkitt lymphoma
sheets of med-sized lymphoid cells with scattered pale, tingible body-laden macrophages
96
Giant cell tumor of bone
soap bubble in femur or tibia on xray
97
Membranous glomerulonephritis
spikes on basement membrane
| dome like subepithelial deposits
98
Histocytosis X
Birbeck granules = tennis racket shaped cytoplasmic organelles
99
Arterial thrombus
lines of Zahn = thrombi made of white/red layers
100
Epiglottitis
H. influenzae
| thumb sign on xray
101
chronic bacterial pyelonephritis
thyroid like appearance of kidney
102
Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis
tram track appearance of capillary loops of glomerular basement membranes on light micro
103
fatty liver dz
TG accumulation in liver cell vacuoles
104
chronic ESRD
waxy casts with very low urine flow
105
acute pyelonephritis
WBC casts in urine
106
CLL
WBC smudge cells
107
lupus nephropathy
wire loop glomerular capillary appearance on light micro
