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Buzz Words First Aid > Classic Lab Findings 2 > Flashcards

Classic Lab Findings 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Hypercoagulability (leading to DVTs and vasculitis)

A

Trousseau’s syndrome (adenocarcinoma of pancreas or lung)

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2
Q

hypersegmented neutrophils

A

megaloblastic anemia (B12 deficiency–neurologic symptoms vs folate deficiency–no neurologic symptoms)

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3
Q

hypertension, hypokalemia, metabolic alkalosis

A

Conn’s syndrome

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4
Q

hypochromic, microcytic anemia

A

iron deficiency anemia, lead poisoning, thalassemia

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5
Q

increased alpha-fetoprotein in amniotic fluid/maternal serum

A

Usually dating error, can also be anencephaly, spina bifida (neural tube defects)

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6
Q

increased uric acid levels

A

Gout, Lesch-Nyhan syndrome, tumor lysis syndrome, loop and thiazide diuretics

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7
Q

intranuclear eosinophilic droplet like bodies

A

Cowdry type A bodies (HSV or CMV)

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8
Q

iron containing nodules in alveolar septum

A

ferruginous bodies (asbestosis: increased risk of mesothelioma)

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9
Q

keratin pearls on skin biopsy

A

squamous cell carcinoma

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10
Q

large lysosomal vesicles in phagocytes, immunodeficiency

A

Chediak-Higashi disease (congenital failure of phagolysosome formation)

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11
Q

“lead pipe” appearance of color on barium enema xray

A

ulcerative colitis (loss of haustra)

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12
Q

linear appearance of IgG deposition on GMB

A

Goodpasture’s syndrome

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13
Q

low serum ceruloplasmin

A

Wilson’s disease (hepatolenticular degeneration)

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14
Q

“lumpy bumpy” appearance of glomeruli on immunofluorescence

A

Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis (immune complex deposition of IgG and C3b)

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15
Q

lytic “hole punched” bone lesions on xray

A

Multiple Myeloma

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16
Q

mammary gland blue domed cyst

A

fibrocystic change of the breast

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17
Q

monoclonal antibody spike

A

multiple myeloma (IgG or IgA), MGUS, Waldenstroms macroglobulinemia (IgM), Primary amyloidosis

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18
Q

mucin filled cell with peripheral nucleus

A

signet ring cell (gastric carcinoma)

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19
Q

narrowing of bowel lumen on barium xray

A

string sign, Crohn’s disease

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20
Q

needle-shaped negatively birefringent crystals

A

Gout (monosodium urate crystals)

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21
Q

necrotizing vasculitis (lungs) necrotizing glomerulonephritis

A

granulomatosis with polyangitis (Wegner’s C-ANCA), and Goodpasture’s syndrome (Anti GBM)

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22
Q

nodular hyaline deposits in glomeruli

A

KW nodules (kimmelstiel-Wilson) seen in Diabetics

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23
Q

novobiocin response

A

sensitive: Staph epidermisis, resistant: Staph saprophyticus

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24
Q

nutmeg appearance of liver

A

chronic passive congestion of liver due to right heart failure

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25
Q

“onion skin” periosteal reaction

A

Ewing’s Sarcoma (malignant round cell tumor)

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26
Q

optochin response

A

sensitive: strep pneumo, resistant: strep viridans

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27
Q

periosteum raised fem bone, creating triangular area

A

codman’s triangle on X-ray, (osteosarcome, ewing’s sarcoma, pyogenic osteomyelitis)

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28
Q

podocyte effusion or “effacement” on EM

A

minimal change disease (child with nephrotic syndrome)

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29
Q

polished ivory like appearance of bone at cartilage erosion

A

eburnation (OA–resulting in bony sclerosis)

30
Q

protein aggregates in neurons from hyperphosphorylation of protein tau

A

neurofibrillary tangles (alzheimer’s disease), and Pick’s bodies

31
Q

psammoma bodies

A

meningioma, papillary thyroid carcinoma, mesothelioma, papillary serous carcinoma of the endometrium and ovary

32
Q

psedopalisading tumor cells on brain biopsy

A

Glioblastoma multiforme

33
Q

RBC casts in urine

A

acute glomerulonephritis

34
Q

rectangular, crystal-like, cytoplasmic inclusions in leydig cells

A

reinke crystals (leydig cell tumor)

35
Q

renal epithelial casts in urine

A

acute toxic/viral nephrosis

36
Q

rhomboid crystals, positively birefringent

A

pseudogout (calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystals)

37
Q

rib notching

A

coarctation of the AO

38
Q

ring enhancing brain lesions in AIDs

A

toxoplasma gondii, CNS lymphoma

39
Q

sheets of medium sized lymphoid cells with scattered pale tangible body-laden macrophages (starry sky histology)

A

Burkitt’s lymphoma t(8,14) c-myc activation, associated with EBV, black sky=malignant cells

40
Q

silver staining spherical aggregation of tau proteins in neurons

A

Pick Bodies (pick’s disease= progressive dementia, changes in personality)

41
Q

“soap bubble” in femur or tibia on xray

A

giant cell tumor of bone (usually benign)

42
Q

“spikes” on basement membrane, “dome-like” sub epithelial deposits

A

Membranous glomerulonephritis (may progress to nephrotic syndrome)

43
Q

stacks of RBCs

A

rouleux formation (high ESR, multiple myeloma)

44
Q

stippled vaginal epithelial cells

A

clue cells (gardnerella vaginalis)

45
Q

Tennis racket shaped cytoplasmic organelles in Langerhans cells

A

birbeck granules (langerhans cell histiocytosis or histiocytosis X: eosinophilic granuloma)

46
Q

thrombi made of white/red layers

A

Lines of Zahn (arterial thrombus, layers of platelets and RBCs)

47
Q

Thumb sign on lateral xray

A

Epiglottitis (Haemophilus influenzae)

48
Q

Tram track appearance of capillary loops of glomerular basement membranes on LM

A

Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis

49
Q

triglyceride accumulation in liver cell vacuoles

A

fatty liver disease (alcoholic or metabolic syndrome)

50
Q

Waxy casts wit very low urine flow

A

chronic ESRD

51
Q

WBC casts in urine

A

acute pyelonephritis

52
Q

WBCs that look smudged

53
Q

wire loop glomerular capillary appearance on light microscopy

A

Lupus nephropathy

54
Q

yellowish CSF

A

Xanthochromia (subarachnoid hemorrhage)

55
Q

sheets of medium sized lymphoid cells with scattered pale tangible body-laden macrophages (starry sky histology)

A

Burkitt’s lymphoma t(8,14) c-myc activation, associated with EBV, black sky=malignant cells

56
Q

silver staining spherical aggregation of tau proteins in neurons

A

Pick Bodies (pick’s disease= progressive dementia, changes in personality)

57
Q

“soap bubble” in femur or tibia on xray

A

giant cell tumor of bone (usually benign)

58
Q

“spikes” on basement membrane, “dome-like” sub epithelial deposits

A

Membranous glomerulonephritis (may progress to nephrotic syndrome)

59
Q

stacks of RBCs

A

rouleux formation (high ESR, multiple myeloma)

60
Q

stippled vaginal epithelial cells

A

clue cells (gardnerella vaginalis)

61
Q

Tennis racket shaped cytoplasmic organelles in Langerhans cells

A

birbeck granules (langerhans cell histiocytosis or histiocytosis X: eosinophilic granuloma)

62
Q

thrombi made of white/red layers

A

Lines of Zahn (arterial thrombus, layers of platelets and RBCs)

63
Q

Thumb sign on lateral xray

A

Epiglottitis (Haemophilus influenzae)

64
Q

Tram track appearance of capillary loops of glomerular basement membranes on LM

A

Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis

65
Q

triglyceride accumulation in liver cell vacuoles

A

fatty liver disease (alcoholic or metabolic syndrome)

66
Q

Waxy casts wit very low urine flow

A

chronic ESRD

67
Q

WBC casts in urine

A

acute pyelonephritis

68
Q

WBCs that look smudged

69
Q

wire loop glomerular capillary appearance on light microscopy

A

Lupus nephropathy

70
Q

yellowish CSF

A

Xanthochromia (subarachnoid hemorrhage)

Buzz Words First Aid (6 decks)

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