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First Aid Rapid Review > Classic and Relevant Treatments > Flashcards

Classic and Relevant Treatments Flashcards

1
Q

Diabetic Ketoacidosis

A

Fluids, Insulin, K+

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2
Q

Enterococci

A

Vancomycin/ampicillin + aminoglycoside

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3
Q

Erectile Dysfunction

A

Sildenafil

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4
Q

ER+ Breast cancer

A

Tamoxifen

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5
Q

Ethylene glycol/methanol intoxication

A

Fomepizole (Alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor)

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6
Q

Folate deficiency

A

Folate

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7
Q

Haemophilus influenzae (B)

A

Rifampin (prophylaxis)

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8
Q

Hemorrhagic cystitis

A

Mesna

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9
Q

Heparin toxicity (acute)

A

Protamine sulfate

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10
Q

Her2-neu+ breast cancer

A

Trastuzumab (Herceptin)

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11
Q

Hyperaldosteronism

A

Spirinolactone

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12
Q

Hypercholesterolemia

A

Statin (first line)

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13
Q

Hypertriglyceridemia

A

Fibrate

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14
Q

Immediate anti-coagulation

A

Heparin

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15
Q

Infertility

A

Leuprolide, GnRH (pulsatile)

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16
Q

Influenza

A

Oseltamivir

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17
Q

Legionella pneumophila

A

Erythromycin

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18
Q

Long-term anticoagulation

A

Warfarin

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19
Q

Malaria

A

Chloroquine/mefloquine (for blood schizont), primaquine (for liver hypnozoite)

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20
Q

Malignant hyperthermia

A

Dantrolene

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21
Q

Medical abortion

A

Mifepristone

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22
Q

Migraine

A

Sumatriptan

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23
Q

MRSA

A

Vancomycin

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24
Q

Multiple sclerosis

A

Beta-IFN

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25
Q

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

A

RIPES: Rifampin, Isoniazid (INH), Pyrazinamide, Ethambutol, Streptomycin

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26
Q

Neisseria gonorrheae (and likely Chlamydia co-infection)

A

Ceftriaxone (add Doxycycline to cover likely concurrent Chlamydia)

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27
Q

Neisseria meningitidis

A

Penicillin/Ceftriaxone; Rifampin (prophylaxis)

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28
Q

Neural tube defect prevention

A

Folate

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29
Q

Osteomalacia/Rickets

A

Vitamin D supplementation

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30
Q

Patent ductus arteriosus

A

Indomethacin

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31
Q

Pheochromocytoma

A

alpha-antagonists

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32
Q

Pneumocystis jiroveci

A

TMP-SMX (prophylaxis in AIDS pt)

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33
Q

Prolactinoma

A

Bromocriptine (DA agonist)

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34
Q

Prostate cancer/uterine fibroids

A

Leuprolide, GnRH (continuous)

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35
Q

Prostate Carcinoma

A

Flutamide

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36
Q

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

A

Anti-pseudomonal penicillin + aminoglycoside

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37
Q

Absence seizures

A

Ethosuximide

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38
Q

Acute gout attack

A

NSAIDs, Colchicine

39
Q

Acute promyelocytic leukemia (M3)

A

All-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA)

40
Q

ADHD

A

Methylphenidate, amphetamines

41
Q

Alcohol abuse

A

AA + disulfiram for pt and Al-Anon for family

42
Q

Alcohol withdrawal

A

Benzodiazepines

43
Q

Anorexia

44
Q

Anticoag during pregnancy

45
Q

Anxiety

46
Q

Arrythmia in damaged cardiac tissue

A

Class IB (lidocaine, mexiletine, tocainide)

47
Q

B12 deficiency

A

Vitamin B12

48
Q

BPH (Benign prostatic hyperplasia)

A

Tamsulosin, finasteride

49
Q

Bipolar disorder

A

Li, Valproate, Carbamazepine (mood stabilizers)

50
Q

Breast cancer in post-menopausal woman

A

Aromatase inhibitor

51
Q

Buerger’s disease

A

Smoking cessation

52
Q

Bulimia

53
Q

Candida albicans

A

Amphotericin B (systemic); Nystatin (oral thrush, esophagitis)

54
Q

Carcinoid Syndrome

A

Octreotide

55
Q

Chlamydia trachomatis

A

Doxycycline (+ceftriaxone for gonococcus co-infection), Erythromycin eye drops (prophylaxis in infants)

56
Q

Chronic gout

A

Probenecid (under-excretor); Allopurinol (overproducer)

57
Q

Chronic hepatitis

58
Q

Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia

A

Imatinib (first-line)

59
Q

Clostridium botulinum

A

Anti-toxin

60
Q

Clostridium difficile

A

Oral metronidazole

61
Q

Clostridium tetani

A

Antitoxin + Vaccine booster + Diazepam

62
Q

Crohn’s disease

A

Corticosteroids, Infliximab

63
Q

Cryptococcus neoformans

A

Fluconazole (proph in AIDS pts)

64
Q

Cystic Fibrosis

A

N-acetylcysteine + anti-pseudomonal prophylaxis (Tobramycin/azithromycin)

65
Q

Cytomegalovirus

A

Ganciclovir

66
Q

Depression

A

SSRIs (first line)

67
Q

Central Diabetes insipidus

A

Desmopressin

68
Q

Nephrogenic DI

A

Hydrochlorothiazide, Indomethacin, Amiloride

69
Q

DM Type I

A

Dietary intervention (low sugar) + Insulin replacement (MUST)

70
Q

DM Type II

A

Dietary intervention, Oral Hypoglycemic, Insulin (possible)

71
Q

Pulmonary HTN

72
Q

Rickettsia rickettsii

A

Tetracycline; Chloramphenicol (especially in context of aplastic anemia)

73
Q

Ringworm infections

A

Terbinafine, Grisefulvin, Imidazole

74
Q

Schizophrenia (negative symptoms)

A

5-HT-2A Antagonists (e.g. Olanzapine)

75
Q

Schizophrenia (+ sympotms)

A

D2-receptor antagonists

76
Q

SIADH

A

SIADH: Hyponatremia; Treatment: Demeclocycline (blocks ADH receptor), Li

77
Q

Demeclocycline, Lithium

78
Q

Sickle cell anemia

A

Hydroxyurea (increase HbF)

79
Q

Sporothrix schenckii

80
Q

Stable Angina

A

Sublingual Nitroglycerin

81
Q

Staphylococcus aureus

A

Methicillin/Nafcillin

82
Q

Streptococcus bovis

A

Penicillin prophylaxis

83
Q

Streptococcus pneumoniae

A

Penicillin/Cephalosporin (systemic infection, pneumonia); Vancomycin (meningitis)

84
Q

Streptococcus pyogenes

A

Penicillin prophylaxis

85
Q

Temporal Arteritis

A

High dose Steroids

86
Q

Tonic-clonic seizures

A

Phenytoin, Valproate, Carbamazepine

87
Q

Toxoplasma gondii

A

Sulfonamide + Pyrimethamine

88
Q

Treponema pallidum

A

Penicillin

89
Q

Trichomonas vaginalis

A

Metronidazole (pt and partner)

90
Q

Ulcerative colitis

A

5-ASA, Infliximab

91
Q

UTI prophylaxis

92
Q

Warfarin toxicity

A

Fresh frozen plasma (acute), Vitamin K (chronic)

93
Q

Wegener’s granulomatosis (Granulomatosis polyangiitis - GPA)

A

Cyclophosphamide, Corticosteroids

First Aid Rapid Review (5 decks)

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