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Spring Pharm Exam 2 > Classes of Antibacterials - from handout > Flashcards

Classes of Antibacterials - from handout Flashcards

1
Q

Penicillin MOA

A

inhibits cell wall synthesis

bacterocidal

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2
Q

Penicillin Pharmacokinetics

A

renal excretion - almost all

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3
Q

Penicillin ADR

A

anaphylaxis - type 1 is rare but rash is common

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4
Q

Cephalosporin MOA

A

cell wall synthesis inhibition

bactericidal

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5
Q

Cephalosporin Pharmacokinetics

A

renal excretion - almost all

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6
Q

Cephalosporin Spectrum/Use

A

extended spectrum

NOT susceptible to penicillinases

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7
Q

Cephalosporin ADR

A

allergy, less severe than penicillin. very little cross sensitivity

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8
Q

Vancomycin MOA

A

cell wall synthesis inhibition (stage 2)

Bacterocidal

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9
Q

Vancomycin pharmokinetics

A

poor oral absorption

renal excretion

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10
Q

Vancomycin spectrum/use

A

narrow: gram + cocci

Active against: MRSA, enterococci, and C. diff

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11
Q

Vancomycin ADR

A

ototoxicity, renal toxicity, monitoring of plasma levels are needed

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12
Q

Macrolides MOA

A

protein synthesis inhibitor

Bacteriostatic

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13
Q

Macrolide pharmacokinetics

A

good oral and IV

concentrates in the lung

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14
Q

Macrolide Spectrum/uses

A

extended spectrum: gram + cocci/rods (good alternative if PCN allergy)
SOME gram - bacilli (legionella, bordetella, h. pylori)
Atypicals: mycoplasma/chlamydia

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15
Q

Tetracycline MOA

A

protein synthesis inhibitor

Bacteriostatic

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16
Q

Tetracycline SPectrum/Use

A

broad spectrum BUT many gram +/- organisms are now resistant

good activity in atypicals: chlamydia, mycoplasma

17
Q

Tetracyline ADR

A

abnormal bone/tooth developement, avoid in

18
Q

Clindamycin MOA

A

Protein synthesis inhibition

Bacteriostatic

19
Q

Clindamycin pharmacokinetics

A

good PO and IV
can penetrate into bone
hepatobiliary elimination

20
Q

Clindamycin spectrum/use

A

narrow spectrum: gram + cocci (PCN alternative)
NO C. DIFF
topical for acne

21
Q

Clindamycin ADR

A

severe diarrhea

pseudomembranous colitis

22
Q

Fluoroquinolones MOA

A

inhibition of DNA gyrase

bactericidal

23
Q

Fluoroquinolone Pharmacokinetics

A

good oral and IV

24
Q

Fluoroquinolones SPectrum/use

A

extended spectrum

25
Q

Sulfonamides MOA

A

inhibition of folate metabolism - interferes with DNA synthesis
Bacteriostatic is alone, bacteriocidal if combined

26
Q

Sulfonamide spectrum/use

A

broad spectrum: gram +/- chlamydia

Spring Pharm Exam 2 (8 decks)

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