Class test 2 Flashcards
Digestive and Cardiovascular systems.
Describe the GI tract
a tube within a tube
what is the food in the mouth called
bolus
what is the structure that closes over the trachea
Epiglottis
what is saliva made of
H20 + ions + mucos + enzymes
where can you find the intrinsic salivary glands and when do they produce saliva ?
mucosa, all the time
What are the 4 types of teeth
Incisors, canines, premolars(2), molars (3)
What buffers the acids in the saliva ?
Bicarbonate
What is the antibacterial and antiviral agent in the saliva ?
Lysosomes
List the 5 stages of digestion
Ingestion, Propulsion, Digestion, Absorption, Defecation
Where do the muscles perfom peristalsis ?
Esophagus, stomach, small & large intestines
Where can are the extrinsic salivary glands, when do they produce saliva ?
external to mouth & ducts to mouth, before and during eating
List the 3 extrinsic glands
Parotoids, Submandibular, Subingual
Heartburn is medically known as
GERD
Mention the lenghts of the following organs: 1)Esophagus 2)Small intes 3)Large intes
1) 10” inches 2) 7m/22ft 3) 5 ft
Name the 2 main substances in the stomach
Pepsin & HCl
What is the nature of bacterial digestion in the large intestine ?
Anaerobic
Name the 5 portions of the large intestine
Ascending, transverse, segmund, descending, rectum
Ileume, rectum, colon
Describe the histology of the GI tract from the lumen inside out
1) Mucosa (epithelium,lamina,muscularis)
2) Submucosa
3) Muscularis externa (longitudinal & circular)
4) Serosa (epithelium & connective)
Where is the heart located ?
Mediastinum
What are the 2 heart coverings ?
Visceral precardium and Parietal precardium
What are the 3 heart walls ?
Endocardium, meyocardium, epicardium
What are the 2 septums ?
Interatrial and Interventricular
What are the atrioventrical valves and the semi-lunar valves ?
1) Tricuspid and Bicuspid
2) Pulmonary and Aortic
Describe the flow of deoxygentated blood in 3 steps.
1) vena cavas
2) atrium and ventricle
3) pulmonary arteries
Describe the flow of oxygentated blood in 3 steps.
1) right and left pilmunary veins
2) atrium and ventricle
3) aorta
Describe the cardiac cycle
right and left atrium contractions, right and left ventricle contractions
Describe the heart sounds
Lubb and Dubb
What are the 4 structures of the cardiac conduction system ?
Sinoatrial node, atrioventicular node, bundle of His, punkinje fibers
What are the 3 artieries ?
Arterioles, aorta , coronary arteries
What vessels is blood under pressue ?
Arteries
