class notes head/face/neck

Question 1

Three (3) pairs of salivary glands

Answer 1

Parotid gland, Submandibular glands, Sublingual glands

Question 2

Parotid gland location:

Answer 2

in the cheeks over the mandible

Question 3

Submandibular glands location:

Answer 3

beneath the mandible at the angle of the jaw

Question 4

Sublingual glands location:

Answer 4

Lie in the floor of the mouth

Question 5

Nerve that control facial muscle:

Answer 5

CN VII (facial nerve)

Question 6

Temporal artery location:

Answer 6

superior to the temporalis muscle; pulse anterior to the ear

Question 7

Vessels in neck

Answer 7

Common carotid artery
External carotid artery
Internal carotid artery
Internal jugular vein
External jugular vein

Question 8

Names of major neck muscles

Answer 8

Sternomastoid, Trapezius (CN XI (spinal accessory nerve))

Question 9

What the sternomastoid muscle moves

Answer 9

allows head rotation, flexion

Question 10

What the trapezius muscle moves

Answer 10

allows shoulder movement, extension and turning of the head

Question 11

Thyroid gland location & function

Answer 11

Straddles the trachea
Has 2 lobes
Synthesizes and secretes thyroid hormones
Highly vascular

Question 12

Upper tracheal ring (what its made of)

Answer 12

cricoid cartilage

Question 13

Thyroid cartilage location

Answer 13

is just above the cricoid—also known as Adam’s Apple

Question 14

Lymphatics- part of immune system (function)

Answer 14

detect and eliminate foreign substances

Question 15

Lymphatic nodes located through body but accessible in only 4 areas:

Answer 15

Head and neck
Arms, axilla
Inguinal region

Question 16

Head and neck contain how many lymph nodes

Answer 16

60-70 lymph nodes

Question 17

Names of head/neck lymph nodes

Answer 17

Preauricular
Posterior auricular
Occipital
Submental
Submandibular
Jugulodigastric (tonsillar)
Superficial cervical
Deep cervical
Posterior cervical
Supraclavicular

Question 18

Lymphadenopathy is/indicates:

Answer 18

Increased size of lymph nodes ( > 1 cm)

Indicates infection, allergy, or neoplasm

Question 19

Infants head characteristics :

Answer 19

fontanels close within first 2 years (anterior fontanel)

Head size greater than chest circumference at birth

Question 20

What happens in adolescents neck:

Answer 20

enlargement of thyroid cartilage—voice deepens

Question 21

Aging Adult (face)

Answer 21

facial bones and orbits appear more prominent

Question 22

Associated factors/symptoms of headaches:

Answer 22

N/V; visual changes; fever

Question 23

Associated factors/symptoms head injury:

Answer 23

neck pain; visual changes; nasal or ear discharge

Question 24

Associated factors/symptoms dizziness:

Answer 24

food/fluid intake; vomiting; bloody or black stools; occupation; falls

Question 25

Associated factors/symptoms neck pain:

Answer 25

past injury, occupation; stress

Question 26

Assess head/face Objective:

Answer 26

size; shape; symmetry; skin; muscle tone | Assess CN VII

Question 27

Assess Neck Objective:

Answer 27

``` Assess for general swelling Note range of motion Assess carotid pulsation—one side only! Check for lymph node enlargement Assess CN XI ```

Question 28

Trachea obj:

Answer 28

Palpate to establish it is midline

Question 29

Thyroid gland obj:

Answer 29

Should not be visibly enlarged | Should not be easy to palpate

Question 30

Anterior fontane bulges in infants when:

Answer 30

with crying or lying down, infection, injury. bleeding, hydrocephalus

Question 31

Caput succedaneum is:

Answer 31

edematous swelling and ecchymosis of presenting part of head of infant

Question 32

Cephalhematoma is:

Answer 32

subperiosteal hematoma, reabsorbed during first few weeks of life

Question 33

Molding is:

Answer 33

overriding of cranial bones during birth-lasts only a few days or a week

Question 34

Infant can turn head side to side by:

Answer 34

2 weeks

Question 35

Infant head controlled achieved by:

Answer 35

4 months

Question 36

Child’s or adults lymph nodes more easy to palpate?

Answer 36

children

Question 37

Aging Adult obj:

Answer 37

Senile tremors—benign, Other age-related findings: head nodding; tongue protrusion, May experience dizziness with side movements

Question 38

nuchal rigidity is:

Answer 38

discomfort or pain when trying to turn, move, or flex the neck Possible causes include muscle strain or sprain, cervical spine disorders, meningitis, and subarachnoid hemorrhage