Class (External) - Education

Question 1

Middle class values

Answer 1

Future Orientation - Working hard and having end goals for the future.
Deferred Gratification - The resistance to the temptation of an immediate pleasure in the hope of obtaining a valuable and long - lasting reward in the long - term.
Individualism - emphasizes the importance of the individual - working hard for yourself.
Optimism / desire - A positive view on life and aspire to have nice things.

Question 2

Working class values

Answer 2

Immediate Gratification - The act of demanding pleasure now, rather than waiting for better quality rewards later.
Fatalism - Negative attitude which accepts whatever happens is beyond the persons control.
Present - time Orientation - Seeing the present as more important than the future and so not having long term goals or plans.
Collectivism - A worldview in which social behaviour is guided largely by goals that are shared by a collective, such as family, or subculture.

Question 3

Material Deprivation

Answer 3

Lacking the necessary material economic means to function efficiently & comfortably ( in this case within education) e.g. The working class are materially deprived.

Question 4

Douglas 1964 - Material Deprivation

Answer 4

Lower income families are disadvantaged in education for many reasons:
overcrowded homes, poor diets, low income, lack of nursery, taking up a part time job.
90% of failing schools are in deprived areas.

Question 5

Cultural Deprivation

Answer 5

Not being able to gain necessary skills for success through primary socialisation. Which should provide us with the basic cultural equipment. Parents who fail to correctly socialise their child could lead to them being culturally deprived.

Question 6

Cultural Capital

Answer 6

Theory that w/c lack the necessary views, attitudes knowledge & support necessary for educational success.

Question 7

Bourdieu - Cultural Capital

Answer 7

Argues there is 3 types of cultural capital
cultural
educational
economical

Question 8

Cultural Deprivation and Language codes

Answer 8

Language codes are the reason we are all so different. The two language codes are so different. The two language codes are restricted and elaborate.

Question 9

Restricted Code w/c

Answer 9

limited vocabulary
grammatically simple
gesticulations
context bonds
particularistic

Question 10

Elaborated Code m/c

Answer 10

large vocabulary
grammatically complex
fully elaborate
abstract
universal

Question 11

Parents education and attitudes to learning

Answer 11

If a parent is well educated they will push their child to do well. Also if they know more about the school system they’re going to be more supportive and also be more strict with discipline. W/C parents are less likely to research the schools and read to their children.

Question 12

Housing

Answer 12

Overcrowding
disturbed sleep
homework
can increase bullying
prolonged absence

Question 13

Diet and Health

Answer 13

malnutrition
Kids of lower classes are going to have worse diets as parents are more likely to struggle making fresh food and may not be able to enroll their child into extra-curricular sporting activities.

Question 14

Financial Support and cost

Answer 14

Cost of school
Can not afford textbooks or uniform
Absence due to not being able to afford transport.
Costs £18000 per child to send them to school.

Question 15

Fear of Debt

Answer 15

w/c students are less likely to go to uni due to fear of debt.
May pick up a part time job to provide money instead of education.

Question 16

Keddie 1973 - Cultural Deprivation

Answer 16

Cultural Deprivation is victim blaming. A child can not be deprived of it’s own culture. W/C culture is simply different not deficient in any way focus should be on challenging teachers.