class differences in education - external Flashcards
1
Q
what does basil Bernstein argue about language
A
- speech codes are what leads the educational differences between the classes
- restricted code – used by working class, contains grammatical errors and simple short sentences
- elaborated code – middle class, contains a wider vocab and longer more complex sentences
2
Q
what is an evaluation to bernstein
A
- not all people use restricted code fail
- he almost blames the working class
3
Q
what does douglas argue
A
- middle class parents are more likely to have achieved better in school and have higher qualifications. this means that
- middle class parents are more likely to emphasise discipline and high expectations
- MC parents are more likely to read to their children
- earn more and are more likely to spend it on their childs education
4
Q
what is an evaluation to douglas
A
- working class often discipline harsher than middle class
5
Q
what are the working class subcultures
A
- immediate gratification – wanting rewards now rather than later
- fatalism – believing that whatever they do they wont be successful
- low value on education – instead they value alternatives like sporting achievement
6
Q
what are the three forms of cultural deprivation
A
- language
- parents education
- working class subculture
7
Q
what is an evaluation to cultural deprivation theorists
A
- ignore the importance of wealth and income
- ignores the impact of internal factors
8
Q
why might a poor diet lead to a difference in achievement
A
- ill health and days off school
- difficult to concentrate in lessons
9
Q
why might housing explain a difference in achievement
A
- working class housing might be…
- more crowded
- colder due to poor insulation and less
money for heating - less settled - more likely to be rented
10
Q
why might changes in higher education impact an achievement difference
A
- it has become more expensive to go to uni
11
Q
what are the three forms of material deprivation
A
- poor diet
- poor housing
- lower income
12
Q
evaluation of material deprivation theory
A
- ignore the importance of culture
- ignores the impact of internal factors
- the government assists with material deprivation
13
Q
what does bourdieu argue
A
- material deprivation and cultural deprivation are not seperated, they are interlinked
- a middle class parent might have had the financial resources to go to uni as well as the language needed to succeed
