Class Differences In Achievment external

Question 1

External factors included two things?

Answer 1

Cultural Factors= Cultural deprivation theory

Material Factors= Physical necessities of life

Question 2

What is the cultural deprivation theory?

Answer 2

Some working class parents fail to transmit appreciate norms & values, needed for educational success.

Question 3

Theorists see 3 factors as responsible for working class underachievement?

Answer 3

Lack of intellectual stimulation
Restricted speech code
Working class subculture

Question 4

What is lack of intellectual stimulation?

Answer 4

W-C parents less likely to provide children with educational toys that will stimulate thinking and less likely to read to them. Effect intellectual development begin school at disadvantage.

Question 5

What is restricted speech code?

Answer 5

Basil Bernstein
W-C use restricted code, assumes listener shares particular meanings so doesn’t spell them out.
However elaborated code is used in education by teachers/text books/exams

Question 6

Three aspects of W-C subculture that contribute to underachievement?

Answer 6

1. Immediate gratification
2. Fatalism (belief that ‘Whatever will be, will be’
3. Low value on education

Question 7

Criticisms of Cultural Deprivation Theory?

Answer 7

> ignores importance of material and in school factors.

>Blames victim for their failure

Question 8

Material deprivation causes under-achievement factors such as?

Answer 8

> Poor housing, damp/cold, no where quiet for homework, frequent moves/changes.
Poor diet, illness/absence, lack of concentration.
Low income, lack of educational material, right uniform, uni fees.

Question 9

Pierre Bourdieu Cultural Capital Theory?

Answer 9

W-C don’t have the same economic capital or cultural capital as M-C peers.
M-C use it to advantage, better ed, better qualifications, better jobs

Question 10

Two explanations for W-C pupils achieving less than M-C?

Answer 10

External factors

Internal factor