CLASS DIFFERENCES (EXTERNAL)

Question 1

LEARN THESE TERMS!

Answer 1

SOCIAL CLASS
EDUCATIONAL ACHIEVEMENT
MATERIAL DEPRIVATION
IMMEDIATE GRATIFICATIOn
ECONOMIC CAPITAL
CULTURAL CAPITAL
CULTUAL DEPRIVATION
FATALISTIC ATTITUDES
SOCIAL CAPITAL
SPEECH CODES

Question 2

(this is gonna be a long one..)

Answer 2

-Social Class: A group of people sharing similar economic status or lifestyle.
-Educational Achievement: The level of success one attains in education, usually measured by grades or degrees.
-Material Deprivation: Lack of essential resources or goods needed for a decent standard of living.
-Immediate Gratification: Seeking quick rewards or pleasures without waiting for long-term benefits.
-Economic Capital: Financial resources or assets that can be used to gain advantages.
-Cultural Capital: Knowledge, skills, and experiences that help individuals succeed in society.
-Cultural Deprivation: Lacking cultural resources or experiences that hinder social mobility.
-Fatalistic Attitudes: Believing that outcomes are predetermined and not influenced by personal actions.
-Social Capital: Networks and relationships that provide support and resources.
-Speech Codes: Different ways of communicating that reflect cultural backgrounds and social classes.

Question 3

How can we interpret with data someone is w/c

Answer 3

If they’re eligible for Free school meals/people on benefits

Question 4

Who are Free School meals normally given too

Answer 4

People on benefits or people who are elegible/classified as working class

Question 5

People with free school meals had shown to perform better than those who didn’t require Free school meals

TRUE OR FALSE?

Answer 5

FLASE - In terms of people who were eligible for free school meals they showed to perform lower than those who did with a staggering 33.5% passing with a A*-C (9-5) In the academic studies with other pupils being at 60&

Question 6

What will be the external factors?

Answer 6

-Material deprivation
-Cultural deprivation
-Cultural capital

Question 7

Finish The Sentence:

On average Working Class students preformed _______ than Middle class students!

(Hint: Better/worse)

Answer 7

On avg w/c students perform worse than m/c students

This is as a result of social class having a large impact on Students

Question 9

-CULTURAL DEPRIVATION-

What the definition of cultural deprivation!

Answer 9

C.D. is the belief of which a child’s norms, values, and beliefs! show to be a disadvantage in-terms of educational achievement

Question 10

What do The C.D. factors include?

Answer 10

-Language
-Parents Education
-Working class sub culture

Question 11

-LANGUAGE-

Answer 11

The language used by middle class children vs Working class children

Question 12

Some Information on..

LANGUAGE

Answer 12

Language is an essnetial part of the process of education and the way parents communicate with their child this helps/mipact their cognitive development

(basically language is important for a growing child because it can help them speak anfd get smarter they overcomplicated ts)

Question 13

Who was the person who came up with the Restricted speech codes and Elaborated Speech codes?

Answer 13

Bernstein (1975): Restricted and Elaborated speech codes

Question 14

What social class uses Restricted speech codes and what social class uses elaborated speech codes?

Answer 14

Elaborated: Middle Class
Restricted: Working class

Question 15

Define a Restricted code:

Answer 15

A restricted code is typically used by the working class and consists of a limited vocabulary featuring short unfinished and simple sentences alongisde single word answers or gestures sucb as “Yes.” or a simple head-nod.

Simplified for dummies: So basically more slang and short sentences with more than likely gestures (this does not entale ppl who use gestures are w/c tho)

Question 16

Define a Elaborated codes:

Answer 16

Typically used by the middle class which features a broader and more adepuate wide spread vocabluary alongside longer more complex sentences with varied language communicating abstract ideas!

(Simplifed vers: just look at the one above this text, They talk quite fancy with large words as they have a larger voabluary hence more words they can use.)

Question 17

How do restricted and elaborated speech codes come about?

Answer 17

A bit more simple but these a breeded normally in homes with restricted speech coming from parents who elaborate less on what they are saying and dont ask interactive questions as much but in comparison the elaborated speech comes from families who talk with a broader use of vocab and check ofr understanding while asking interactive questions such as “ready for the next step” or “do you understand why I said that”

Question 18

-Parent Education

Question 19

Sociologist believe a main contender to academic achievement is Parents attitudes on their childs education Which theorist said that (if possible list the years)

Answer 19

Douglas (1964) and Feinstein (2008)

Question 20

What did Douglas (1964) state about Parent attidtudes

Answer 20

Believed W/C parents were shown to care less about their childs education as a result of not attending events such as Parents evening or performances etc. making them seem less ambitious or encouraging.supporting of their childs education

Question 21

Information

Answer 21

It is important to note this isnt how it always is and is not always the case in some cases W/C parents honestly just can intent those important events due to reason such as:

-Working extra hours to make ends meet
-Have a younger child which they cant afford to have taken care of while they’re gone

Question 22

What did Feinstein state (2008)
about parent education

Answer 22

Believed parents education was actually the more important factor in all of this affecting a child achievememnt They in addition show to advantage them in how they socailise

Question 23

How did Bernstein and Young in (1967) see the M/C home including and How did they see the avg W/C home as well

Hint: What advantages in terms of quality of life do M/C and W/C homes posses (theres no reallly wrong answer to this but the answers are the preferable ones)

Answer 23

M/C:
-Nutritous Food
-Educational Play
-Educational Toys

W/C:
-Lack of educational toys
-Left to own devices
-Poor quality of food

Question 24

What does it mean to “socialise your child”?

And what are examples of how parents socialist their child?

Answer 24

To socialise your child s essentially how they grow up.and the enviroment you provide for them to grow up if ygm?

Examples include
-Parenting style
-Parent educational behaviours
-use of income

Question 25

Parenting Style:?

Answer 25

Style consists of emphasis on hard working disciplince and high expectations ffor their child when it comes to educated parents

less educated favour more inconsistent discipline for example do as your told preventing independant learning!

Question 26

Parents educational behaviours?

Answer 26

Educated parents are more aware of the steps which are required in order to secure their childs success in education and the needed steps alongside being better at forming relationships with their teachers and guidding their childs interactions in addition aware of the importance of extra curricaular activities in school

Question 27

-Working Class subculture-

Answer 27

idk mayne stop looking i just work here

Question 28

Use of income?

Answer 28

Due to educated parents naturally having a increased income can invest and buy neccessary things for their childs academic progression with Bernstein and young (1967) stating M/C mums are more likely to buy their child useful educational toys which encourage reasoning skills within the child which stimulate intellectual development of the child.

Whereas W/C parents show to lack the income to support their child in such ways..

Question 29

Define a Sub-Culture

Answer 29

A group whos attitudes alongside values and beliefs differ from the rest of society/mainstream subculture

Question 30

What do cultural deprivation theorist believe/argue?

Answer 30

Theorist argue that large sections of W?C have different goals, beleifs, values and attitudes from the rest of society and this is why their children fail at school

Question 31

What did Sugar man believe about w/c subcultures

Answer 31

Sugarman (1970) believed W/C subcultures had 4 barries to achievement:

-Fatalism
-collectivism
-immediate gratification
-present time orientation

Question 32

What was Fatalism

Answer 32

A belief in fate - that “whatever will be will be” and social mobility is impossible meaning the social class you were born in will be the one you will be in forever || (basically “It is what it is”)

Question 33

What was Collectivism

Answer 33

Valuing being part of a group more than succeeding as an individual

Question 34

What was Immediate gratification

Answer 34

Seeking pleasure now rather than to make sacrafices as of now to reap larger rewards in the future!

Question 35

What was Present time orientation

Answer 35

Seeing the present as more important than the future and not having long term goals or plans

Question 37

What are compensatory educational programmes

Answer 37

They attempt to tackle the problem of cultural deprivation by providing extra resources to schools and communities in deprived areas

Question 38

Name some examples..

Answer 38

In the uk there are several available C.E.P.’s such as:

-Education Priority Area
-Education Actional Zones