Class 9: Integration Flashcards
3 main metabolic junctions:
Glucose-6-phosphate
Pyruvate
Acetyl CoA
1 metabolic player
Processes ALL incoming nutrients
Liver
Liver primarily depends on __________ for its own energy needs
ß-oxidation of FAs
Liver stores minimal glycogen… does it fat?
No, liver is not a fat storage organ
How are FAs transported in the blood?
Lipoproteins
ATP exhausted in 1-2 s
Phosphagen system
Anaerobic exercise lasting ~10 s
Phosphocreatine
Exercise lasts 1-2 min.
Glycolysis
Helps to regenerate glucose from lactate
Cori cycle
What does heart use for energy metabolism?
Lactate and FAs
Brain uses approximately ______ of total O2 consumed by resting human
20%
What happens when there is lack of O2 in the tissue?
Imbalance of cellular respiration, back up of Ox phos, TCA, and glycolysis halted
What is a hormone that is inhibited by insulin?
Gluconeogenesis
Insulin receptor is a:
RTK [receptor tyrosine kinase]
Epi and glucagon are:
GCPR
Glucagon for low BG
EPI for fight/flight/exercise
When’s there’s high energy (HIGH ATP, LOW NADH and HIGH NAD) DHAP is favored and is converted to glycerol-3-phosphate-TAGs
In the lover
What condition can occur?
Alcoholic fatty liver
Full metabolism of ethanol not reached-largely seen in people of asian descent
Alcohol intolerance
The cellular energy sensor-phosphorylates many targets controlling cellular energy production
Inactivated when ATP is high
Activated when ATP is low
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)
Hormone tells you to stop eating.
Released from fat and signals hypothalamus that you’re full
Leptin
What is a hormonal issue that could cause obesity?
Lepton resistance
Lepton signaling is similar to :
Insulin signaling
It may be possible to live longer with what practice?
Caloric restriction
These are NAD+dependent protein deacetylases
Tissue NAD+/NADH ratio controls sirtuin protein deacetylase activity
Nicotinamide and NADH are inhibitors of the deacetylase reaction
Sirtuins
Why is NAD+ a good thing to have?
This redox state will be able to handle reactive oxidation state.
What may the basis of french paradox of living longer w/ high fat diet?
Resveratrol
