Class 3: Ox Phos 2

Question 1

Chemiosmotic hypothesis

Answer 1

Atp synthesis coupled to proton gradient

Generates pH gradient and membrane potential.

Question 2

Proof of ATP synthase

Answer 2

Bacteriorhodopsin in synaptic vesicle

Question 3

The stick and proton channel for ATP synthase

Embedded in the membrane

Answer 3

F0

Question 4

The ball and catalytic domain of ATP synthase:

Answer 4

F1

Question 5

Complex V

Answer 5

ATP synthase

Question 6

Made of 5 types of polypeptide chains w/ different stochiometries:

Alpha3, Beta3, gamma, delta, and epsilon

Answer 6

F1

Question 7

Alpha ad beta are arranged in

Answer 7

Hexameric ring

Question 8

Only polypeptide in F1 that is catalytically active

Answer 8

Beta

Question 9

Stalk of F1 is made up of:

Answer 9

Gamma and epsilon proteins

Question 10

Long helical coil that extends into the center of the alpha3 and beta 3 hexamer

Answer 10

Gamma subunit

Question 11

A proton channel made of 8-14 c subunits embedded in membrane

Answer 11

F0

Question 12

F0 and F1 connected in 2 ways:

Answer 12

1. Central gamma and epsilon stalk

2. Exterior column- 1 a su, 2 b su, and delta su

Question 13

Allows the proton gradient to be in close proximity to the ATP synthase

Answer 13

Cristae

Question 14

molecules asso. W/ each other to form dimers then oligomers

Answer 14

ATP synthase

Question 15

What is the role of the proton gradient in Ox phos

Answer 15

Release the ATP from the synthase

Question 16

Which subunits of F1 are catalytically active?

Answer 16

Beta

Question 17

3 beta subunits conformational change alters function in

Answer 17

Active site of ATP synthase

Question 18

3 steps of ATP synthesis:

Answer 18

1. Binding of ADP+Pi (L)
2. ATP synthesis (T)
3. Release of ATP (O)

Question 19

Rotation of which su switches the forms of ATP synthesis

Answer 19

Gamma

Question 20

ATP synthesis conformations change in what order

Answer 20

LTOLTO

Question 21

What direction does ATP synthase conformational rotation?

Answer 21

clockwise

Question 22

Which su expressed w/ poly His tag

Answer 22

Alpha and beta

Question 23

Made up of 2 a helices that span membrane.

An asp acid residue lies in the center of the membrane

Has 2 half channels

Proton doesnt completely pass

Answer 23

C subunit of ATP synthase

Question 24

Each 360 degree rotation of gamma su powered by 3 protons generates how much ATP?

Answer 24

3 ATP

Question 25

ATP and ADP are not permeable across mito membrane. Needs a carrier:

Answer 25

ATP-ADP translocase

The flow of ATP and ADP are coupled= ADP enters only if ATP leaves

Question 26

What regulates cellular respiration?

Answer 26

Levels of ATP

Question 27

When do electrons flow through ETC?

Answer 27

When ADP phosphorylated to ATP

Question 28

Regulation of ADP levels =

Answer 28

Respiratory control

Question 29

More ADP added=

Answer 29

More O2 consumed

Question 30

Inhibits hydrolytic activity of ATP synthase

Prevents ATP breakdown in ischemia or O2 deprivation.

Upregulated in CA- facilitates the switch from aerobic to anaerobic (warburg effect)

Answer 30

Inhibitory factor I

Question 31

Some organisms can uncouple ox phos from ATP synthesis to generate heat happens in brown adipose tissue

Transfer protons from cytoplasm to matrix

What protein is used in inner mito. Membrane?

Answer 31

UCP 1 (thermogenin)

Also, UCP 2 and UCP 3

Helps in energy homeostasis

Question 32

Action of UCP 1?

Answer 32

Energy is converted to heat instead of ATP

Question 33

Inhibition of ATP synthase: inhibits influx of protons into ATP synthase by binding to c su

Answer 33

Oligomyocin

Question 34

Uncoupling E- transport from ATP synthesis - dissipates the H+ gradient

Answer 34

2,4-dinitrophenol

Question 35

Inhibiton of ATP export and inhibits ATP-ADP translocase

Answer 35

Atractyloside and bongkrekic acid

Question 36

Inhibits Complex 1

Answer 36

Rotenone and amytal

Question 37

Blocks complex 3

Answer 37

Antimycin A

Question 38

Blocks complex 4

Answer 38

Cyanide, N3, and CO