Class 9 Flashcards
What are the Eight principles of pattern identification?
Yin / Yang
Interior / Exterior
Deficiency / Excess
Cold / Heat
What are the four examinations?
Looking
Feeling
Asking
Listening - smelling
Exterior/Interior measures the…
Depth of disease within the body
An interior excess means…
An evil is present
An interior deficiency means…
Insufficient Qi, blood, fluids, yin or yang (right Qi).
T/F
In interior patterns there are fever and chills simultaneously.
False
In exterior patterns there are fever and chills simultaneously.
In Interior Excess Heat, a heat evil is present causing the following symptoms:
Feverish feeling No chills Sweating Thirst Full Rapid pulse Red face Red tongue with yellow coat Plus symptoms of the affected organ
Interior excess heat is caused by…
Eating hot-natured food
Emotional excesses
Qi stagnation
An exterior evil moving inwards (also called Yang excess)
The treatment for interior excess heat is to
Clear heat or drain fire
In Interior Deficiency heat, Yin is insufficient, causing the following symptoms:
Low-grade afternoon fever No chills Feeling of heat in palms, soles, chest Dry mouth and throat Dark urine Dry stool Night sweating Fine rapid pulse Malar flush Red peeled tongue Evacuation
The treatment for interior deficiency heat is:
Nourish yin and clear heat
In Interior Excess Cold, a cold evil is present, causing the following symptoms:
Chilliness Cold limbs No thirst Clear abundant urine Desires warm drinks Deep full tight pulse Pale face Pale tongue
The treatment for interior excess cold is:
Dissipate cold evil and warm coldness
In Interior Deficiency Cold, yang is deficient, causing the following symptoms:
Chilliness Cold limbs No thirst Listlessness Spontaneous sweating Loose stools Clear abundant urine Deep slow weak owe Dull-pale face Pale tongue with a thin white coat
The treatment for interior deficiency cold is:
Fortify Yang and warm coldness.
The exterior includes which parts of the body?
Skin Flesh Channels Defense Qi Sometimes lungs
The lungs manage the most exterior of the organs, which are…
Defense Qi
Skin
The term Exterior in the strictest sense means…
External invasion
Generally, what are the symptoms of an External invasion?
Acute onset
Short duration
Simultaneous fever and chills
Floating pulse
Symptoms of Exterior Cold:
Slight fever Severe chills No thirst No sweating Thin white tongue coat Floating tight pulse Headache Muscle aches
Symptoms of Exterior heat:
More fever Slight chia Thirst Thin yellow (or white) tongue coat Floating rapid pulse Sore throat Sweating
What is the only type of Exterior deficiency?
Wei Qi (defense Qi) deficiency
Symptoms of Deficiency of defense Qi but no invasion at this time (pure deficiency):
Easy to catch cold
Sweats easily when cold
Deficiency of defense Qi with wind evils invading (combined deficiency of defense and excess of wind evils):
Slight or no fever Aversion to wind Slight body aches Floating pulse Thin tongue coat
What are Channel problems?
Painful obstruction (bi syndrome) is obstruction of the flow of Qi-blood in the channels and the joints by an evil, causing pain
What are the evils that cause channel problems (bi syndrome)?
Wind Cold Dampness Heat Or combination
Characteristics of Wind bi:
Pain moves from place to place
Characteristics of cold bi syndrome:
Severe fixed pain
Better with heat
Characteristics of dampness bi syndrome:
Lingering
Swelling
Heaviness
Ache
Characteristics of Heat bi syndrome:
Swollen
Hot
Red
Symptoms of Wind invading the channels of the face:
Some facial paralysis or pain
Bell’s palsy or trigeminal neuralgia
In channel problems there is often no fever and chills. Why?
The evil bypasses the defensive exterior of the body.
What does Deficiency / Excess measure?
Weakness of right Qi versus the strength of evil Qi
Deficiency means some aspect of the body is weak. There is no evil. What are the symptoms of Deficiency?
Weakness Listlessness Curling up Quietness Weak breathing Weak pulse Chronic condition Dull lingering pain which is better with pressure Slight sweating
The more chronic the disease the more likely it involves…
Deficiency
Yang deficiency (same as internal deficiency cold) symptoms:
Symptoms of Qi deficiency plus coldness and copious fluids
Symptoms are worse in the daytime, especially in the morning.
Yin deficiency (same as internal deficiency heat) means there is insufficient yin to cool and nourish the body. Symptoms are worse at what times of day?
Afternoon
Evening
Night
Excess includes interior and exterior evils. The body’s Qi is still strong. Symptoms:
Acute condition Strong pain worse with pressure If face is red, it is all over If sweating, it is profuse Coarse breathing Strong voice Thick tongue coat Strong pulse
Heat-Cold is considered the…
Nature of the disease
What happens in true cold-false heat?
The interior is so cold that all the yang (heat) is pushed to the exterior
What happens in true heat-false cold?
The interior is so hot that all the yin (cold) is pushed to the exterior
Why do contradictory conditions occurs in true-false conditions?
The weaker aspect has deserted to the exterior, since it is on the exterior, it is visible
What is straight treatment?
The principle of treatment whereby the nature and pathomechanism are addressed directly.
What is paradoxical treatment?
The non-routine principle of treating false signs with medicinals of the same nature.
Yin patterns have more yin than yang meaning there’s an excess of Yin or a deficiency of yang. There’s a predominance of …
Coldness, deficiency, or interior conditions
Yang patterns have more yang than yin. There is either an excess of yang or a deficiency of yin. There is a predominance for …
Heat, excess, or exterior conditions
What is collapse of Yin?
An acute critical form of Yin deficiency.
What are the symptoms of a collapse of Yin?
Abundant perspiration Hot skin Hot limbs Dry mouth Desire to sip cold drinks No loss of urine or stool Floating deficient rapid pulse Red peeled short dry tongue
What is collapse of Yang?
An acute form of Yang deficiency.
What are the symptoms of collapse of Yang?
Chilliness Cold limbs Weak breathing Profuse but cold sweating No thirst Frequent profuse urination or incontinence Loose stool or incontinence Minute deep pulse Pale wet swollen tongue
What is the Treatment Principle?
The treatment principle states what steps we must take to rectify the diagnosis. Treatment almost always opposes the diagnosis (straight treatment).
What are the 6 steps of TCM Methodology?
- Four examinations
- Pattern identification (Chinese diagnosis)
- Treatment principle
- Formulation of treatment plan
- Periodic reassessment of results
- Modification of treatment plan
