Class 9 Flashcards by anna corson

What are the Eight principles of pattern identification?

Yin / Yang
Interior / Exterior
Deficiency / Excess
Cold / Heat

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What are the four examinations?

Looking
Feeling
Asking
Listening - smelling

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Exterior/Interior measures the…

Depth of disease within the body

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An interior excess means…

An evil is present

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An interior deficiency means…

Insufficient Qi, blood, fluids, yin or yang (right Qi).

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T/F

In interior patterns there are fever and chills simultaneously.

False

In exterior patterns there are fever and chills simultaneously.

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In Interior Excess Heat, a heat evil is present causing the following symptoms:

Feverish feeling
No chills
Sweating
Thirst
Full Rapid pulse
Red face
Red tongue with yellow coat
Plus symptoms of the affected organ

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Interior excess heat is caused by…

Eating hot-natured food
Emotional excesses
Qi stagnation
An exterior evil moving inwards (also called Yang excess)

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The treatment for interior excess heat is to

Clear heat or drain fire

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In Interior Deficiency heat, Yin is insufficient, causing the following symptoms:

Low-grade afternoon fever
No chills
Feeling of heat in palms, soles, chest
Dry mouth and throat
Dark urine
Dry stool
Night sweating
Fine rapid pulse
Malar flush
Red peeled tongue 
Evacuation

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The treatment for interior deficiency heat is:

Nourish yin and clear heat

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In Interior Excess Cold, a cold evil is present, causing the following symptoms:

Chilliness
Cold limbs
No thirst
Clear abundant urine
Desires warm drinks
Deep full tight pulse
Pale face
Pale tongue

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The treatment for interior excess cold is:

Dissipate cold evil and warm coldness

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In Interior Deficiency Cold, yang is deficient, causing the following symptoms:

Chilliness
Cold limbs
No thirst
Listlessness 
Spontaneous sweating
Loose stools
Clear abundant urine
Deep slow weak owe
Dull-pale face
Pale tongue with a thin white coat

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The treatment for interior deficiency cold is:

Fortify Yang and warm coldness.

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The exterior includes which parts of the body?

Skin
Flesh
Channels
Defense Qi 
Sometimes lungs

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The lungs manage the most exterior of the organs, which are…

Defense Qi

Skin

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The term Exterior in the strictest sense means…

External invasion

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Generally, what are the symptoms of an External invasion?

Acute onset
Short duration
Simultaneous fever and chills
Floating pulse

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Symptoms of Exterior Cold:

Slight fever
Severe chills
No thirst
No sweating
Thin white tongue coat
Floating tight pulse
Headache
Muscle aches

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Symptoms of Exterior heat:

More fever
Slight chia
Thirst
Thin yellow (or white) tongue coat
Floating rapid pulse
Sore throat
Sweating

What is the only type of Exterior deficiency?

Wei Qi (defense Qi) deficiency

Symptoms of Deficiency of defense Qi but no invasion at this time (pure deficiency):

Easy to catch cold

Sweats easily when cold

Deficiency of defense Qi with wind evils invading (combined deficiency of defense and excess of wind evils):

Slight or no fever
Aversion to wind
Slight body aches
Floating pulse
Thin tongue coat

What are Channel problems?

Painful obstruction (bi syndrome) is obstruction of the flow of Qi-blood in the channels and the joints by an evil, causing pain

What are the evils that cause channel problems (bi syndrome)?

``` Wind Cold Dampness Heat Or combination ```

Characteristics of Wind bi:

Pain moves from place to place

Characteristics of cold bi syndrome:

Severe fixed pain | Better with heat

Characteristics of dampness bi syndrome:

Lingering Swelling Heaviness Ache

Characteristics of Heat bi syndrome:

Swollen Hot Red

Symptoms of Wind invading the channels of the face:

Some facial paralysis or pain | Bell's palsy or trigeminal neuralgia

In channel problems there is often no fever and chills. Why?

The evil bypasses the defensive exterior of the body.

What does Deficiency / Excess measure?

Weakness of right Qi versus the strength of evil Qi

Deficiency means some aspect of the body is weak. There is no evil. What are the symptoms of Deficiency?

``` Weakness Listlessness Curling up Quietness Weak breathing Weak pulse Chronic condition Dull lingering pain which is better with pressure Slight sweating ```

The more chronic the disease the more likely it involves...

Deficiency

Yang deficiency (same as internal deficiency cold) symptoms:

Symptoms of Qi deficiency plus coldness and copious fluids | Symptoms are worse in the daytime, especially in the morning.

Yin deficiency (same as internal deficiency heat) means there is insufficient yin to cool and nourish the body. Symptoms are worse at what times of day?

Afternoon Evening Night

Excess includes interior and exterior evils. The body's Qi is still strong. Symptoms:

``` Acute condition Strong pain worse with pressure If face is red, it is all over If sweating, it is profuse Coarse breathing Strong voice Thick tongue coat Strong pulse ```

Heat-Cold is considered the...

Nature of the disease

What happens in true cold-false heat?

The interior is so cold that all the yang (heat) is pushed to the exterior

What happens in true heat-false cold?

The interior is so hot that all the yin (cold) is pushed to the exterior

Why do contradictory conditions occurs in true-false conditions?

The weaker aspect has deserted to the exterior, since it is on the exterior, it is visible

What is straight treatment?

The principle of treatment whereby the nature and pathomechanism are addressed directly.

What is paradoxical treatment?

The non-routine principle of treating false signs with medicinals of the same nature.

Yin patterns have more yin than yang meaning there's an excess of Yin or a deficiency of yang. There's a predominance of ...

Coldness, deficiency, or interior conditions

Yang patterns have more yang than yin. There is either an excess of yang or a deficiency of yin. There is a predominance for ...

Heat, excess, or exterior conditions

What is collapse of Yin?

An acute critical form of Yin deficiency.

What are the symptoms of a collapse of Yin?

``` Abundant perspiration Hot skin Hot limbs Dry mouth Desire to sip cold drinks No loss of urine or stool Floating deficient rapid pulse Red peeled short dry tongue ```

What is collapse of Yang?

An acute form of Yang deficiency.

What are the symptoms of collapse of Yang?

``` Chilliness Cold limbs Weak breathing Profuse but cold sweating No thirst Frequent profuse urination or incontinence Loose stool or incontinence Minute deep pulse Pale wet swollen tongue ```

What is the Treatment Principle?

The treatment principle states what steps we must take to rectify the diagnosis. Treatment almost always opposes the diagnosis (straight treatment).

What are the 6 steps of TCM Methodology?

1. Four examinations 2. Pattern identification (Chinese diagnosis) 3. Treatment principle 4. Formulation of treatment plan 5. Periodic reassessment of results 6. Modification of treatment plan