class 9 Flashcards
We use cross-tabulation analysis to make comparisons when the dependent and independent variables are both measured at the ______.
A. nominal or ordinal level,
B. nominal or interval level,
C. interval or ratio level,
D. interval or ordinal level.
a
A therapist observes that spouses are more likely to forgive their partners for lying to them if they find out the truth from their spouse and not a third party. In this example, the dependent variable is ______.
A. the number of partners
B. the spouse
C. lying
D. forgiveness
d
A(n) ______ is a testable statement about the empirical relationship between a cause and an effect.
A. concept
B. hypothesis
C. variable
D. explanation
b
A researcher believes that voter turnout in a state is positively related to the educational
achievement of its citizens. If true, the researcher should expect to find that ______.
A. voter turnout is lower in states with higher educational achievement
B. voter turnout is roughly equal in all states
C. voter turnout is higher in states with higher educational achievement
D. None of these
c
A researcher believes that political attitudes are influenced by education level. What is the dependent variable?
A. the researcher
B. education level
C. political attitudes
D. influence
c
A table that shows the distribution of cases across the values of a dependent variable for cases that have different values on an independent variable is called ______.
A. frequency distribution table
B. stacked table
C. cluster table
D. contingency table
d
In a cross-tabulation, the categories of the independent variables are typically placed ______.
A. in the columns
B. in the rows
C. in the cells
D. in a graph
a
A researcher hypothesizes that the higher the level of education a citizen has, the higher his or her propensity to vote. This is an example of a(n) ______ relationship.
A. false
B. inverse
C. null
D. positive
d
A relationship between an independent variable and a dependent variable that runs in a negative direction is also called a(n) ______ relationship.
A. inverse
B. null
C. false
D. indirect
a
The variable that represents a causal factor in an explanation is the ______.
A. antecedent variable
B. dependent variable
C. independent variable
D. categorical variable
c
The variable that represents the effect in a causal explanation is called the ______ variable.
A. antecedent
B. dependent
C. independent
D. quantitative
b
True or false: The column percentage represents the percentage of cases in one cell within the corresponding column.
true
True or false: Children received grapefruit juice mixed with 2%, 5%, or 10% sugar to test whether higher concentrations of sugar can enhance liking for the taste of grapefruit juice. In this example, the sugar mixtures are the independent variable.
true
True or false: A researcher records the number of alcoholic drinks consumed per week by students living on campus in rural and urban colleges. In this example, the number of alcoholic drinks consumed per week is the dependent variable.
true
True or false: A researcher hypothesizes that the likelihood of voting increases as income increases. The independent variable is income.
true
