class 2

Question 1

The entity that researchers want to describe and analyze is known as a ______.
a. unit of analysis
b. multidimensional characteristic
c. concept
d. operational definition

Answer 1

a

Question 2

A recent public opinion poll found that 47 percent of respondents approve of the job the
president is doing. Subsequent polls found approval ratings of 46 percent, 48 percent, and 49
percent. Based upon this we can say the questions in the poll are what kind of measurement of
presidential job approval?
a. valid
b. reliable
c. fair
d. random

Answer 2

b

Question 3

A measure that records the true value of an intended characteristic is said to be?
a. reliable
b. complete
c. complex
d. valid

Answer 3

d

Question 4

Every variable has one name and at least ______ value(s).
a. one
b. two
c. three
d. four

Answer 4

b

Question 5

True/False. In a study of the presidency, presidential speeches are an example of a unit of analysis.

Answer 5

true

Question 6

True/False. A measure is said to be reliable when it accurately measures the concept being studied.

Answer 6

false

Question 7

True/False. An operational definition describes the instrument to be used in measuring a concept and putting the conceptual definition to work.

Answer 7

true

Question 8

Marital status, political party affiliation, and hair colour all are examples of what level of
measurement?
a. Nominal
b. Ordinal
c. Interval
d. They are measured on different types of measurement level

Answer 8

a

Question 9

Which of the following best describes a ratio scale of measurement?
a. Values have order and differences.
b. Values have differences and a true zero.
c. Values are equidistant and have a true zero.
d. Values are equidistant and do not have a true zero.

Answer 9

c

Question 10

True or false: Qualitative variables can be continuous or discrete.

Answer 10

false, only discrete

Question 11

True or false: A nominal variable can be numeric.

Answer 11

true

Question 12

True or false: A score on a multiple-choice exam (0–100 points) is a ratio scale measurement.

Answer 12

true

Question 13

True or false: Continuous data are always distributed in discrete units.

Answer 13

false

Question 14

True or false: Categorical data are one example of discrete data.

Answer 14

true

Question 15

Rank the four scales of measurement in order from least informative to most informative.
a. ordinal, nominal, interval, ratio
b. nominal, ordinal, interval, ratio
c. nominal, ordinal, ratio, interval
d. ordinal, nominal, ratio, interval

Answer 15

b

Question 16

Recording whom students study with describes ______ types of data; whereas recording the
number of hours spent studying per week describes ______ types of data.
a. qualitative; quantitative
b. continuous; discrete
c. quantitative; qualitative
d. discrete; continuous

Answer 16

a

Question 17

Each of the following is an example of quantitative data, except ______.
a. weight in ounces
b. income in dollars
c. political affiliation
d. age in years

Answer 17

c

Question 18

Recording the number of dreams recalled is an example of ______ data; whereas recording the time (in minutes) spent in a dream stage of sleep is an example of ______ data.
a. qualitative; quantitative
b. continuous; discrete
c. quantitative; qualitative
d. discrete; continuous

Answer 18

d

Question 19

_____ are measured in whole units or categories.
a. Continuous data
b. Discrete data
c. Quantitative data
d. Open-ended data

Answer 19

b

Question 20

A health practitioner measures the heart rate (in number of beats per minute) of patients under
low, moderate, and high stress levels. Heart rate can be best described as ______.
a. continuous
b. discrete
c. qualitative
d. nominal

Answer 20

b