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data analysis > class 6 > Flashcards

class 6 Flashcards

1
Q

The following are measures of central tendency except:
a. Mean
b. Cumulative percentage
c. Median
d. Mode

A

b

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2
Q

What are the median and mode in this distribution (sorted from lowest to highest)?
6, 8, 8, 10, 10, 12, 12, 12, 14, 16
a. 10 and 8, respectively
b. 12 and 10, respectively
c. 11 and 12, respectively
d. 10 and 12, respectively

A

c

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3
Q

True or false: A distribution may have multiple modes and medians, but only one mean.

A

false

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4
Q

Complete the sentence: The middle score in a distribution is known as the ___________.
a. mean
b. median
c. mode
d. halfway

A

b

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5
Q

True or false: The mean, median, and mode can never all be the same.

A

false

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6
Q

True or false: The mean always corresponds to the value associated with one specific cases in the sample under examination.

A

false

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7
Q

True or false: When the number of cases in a sample is odd, the median always corresponds to the value associated with one specific case.

A

true

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8
Q

Complete the sentence: For nominal-level variables, the ______ is the only measure that can be
used.
a. mode
b. median
c. mean
d. trimmed mean

A

a

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9
Q

Complete the sentence: The ____________is the preferred measure of central tendency when a
dataset has outliers.
a. Median
b. mean
c. skewness
d. tail

A

a

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10
Q

True or false. Skewness refers to the symmetry of a variable’s distribution.

A

true

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11
Q

Complete the sentence: The _____________ is the value in a dataset that occurs most
frequently.
a. mode
b. mean
c. median
d. majority

A

a

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12
Q

The mean is a descriptive statistic useful:
a. for summarizing interval scale measures
b. For summarizing nominal variables scale measures
c. For summarizing ordinal variables
d. All of the above

A

a

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13
Q

True or false: When the mean is greater than the mode, the distribution is negatively skewed.

A

false

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14
Q

True or false: The mean is an accurate measure for describing skewed distributions.

A

false

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15
Q

Which type of central tendency is always located in the middle of a distribution?
a. mode
b. median
c. mean
d. cumulative percentage

A

b

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16
Q

Suppose you knew the day of the month on which each of your classmates was born. The most
frequently occurring day of birth is called:
a. frequent
b. mode
c. mean
d. median

A

b

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17
Q

The median value of a variable is ______.
a. the most commonly occurring value
b. the average value
c. the upper limit value
d. the middle value

A

d

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18
Q

Which of the following variables has a median value?
a. marital status
b. gender
c. percentage of eligible voters casting ballots in the United States
d. ethnicity of eligible voters in the United States

A

c

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19
Q

A researcher studies presidential approval polls and finds the following values: 46, 46, 48, 49, 51, 52. What is the median approval rating?
a. 48
b. 48.5
c. 49
d. 49.5

A

b

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20
Q

Suppose a researcher studying attitudes on gun control finds 40 percent of respondents in favour and 40 percent of respondents opposed and the remaining 20 percent uncertain. The distribution of responses would be referred to as ______.
a. multimodal
b. bimodal
c. unimodal
d. modal

A

b

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21
Q

In a study of the number of cups of coffee students drink while preparing for an exam a researcher learns that the median number of cups is 2, but the mean number of cups is 2.9. This indicates the distribution is ______.
a. positively skewed
b. negatively skewed
c. perfectly symmetric
d. not skewed

A

a

22
Q

True or false: The mean is the most resistant measure of central tendency to skew?

A

false

23
Q

True or false: A distribution with a longer left-hand tail is said to have a negative skew.

A

true

24
Q

Given the same set of data for a population and sample, would the mean for both data sets be equal?
a. No, the population mean would be larger.
b. No, the sample mean would be larger.
c. Yes, but only if the sample size equalled the population size.
d. Yes, this would be true anytime both data sets are the same.

A

d

25
Q

The ______ is the sum of all scores (in a sample or population) divided by the number of scores summed.
A. mode
B. median
C. mean
D. range

A

c

26
Q

What terms best describe the meaning of each of the following measures, respectively: mean, median, and mode.
A. middle, most, and average
B. average, middle, and most
C. average, most, and middle
D. most, average, and middle

A

b

27
Q

A researcher records the following data: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7. Is the mean equal to the median in this example?
A. Yes.
B. No; the median is larger than the mean.
C. No; the mean is larger than the median.
D. There is not enough information to answer this question.

A

a

28
Q

A researcher records the following data (from lowest to highest): 0, 0, 1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 4, 4, 5, 6, 8.
Is the mean equal to the median?
A. Yes.
B. No; the median is larger than the mean.
C. No; the mean is larger than the median.
D. There is not enough information to answer this question.

A

c

29
Q

A staff member records the number of victories (per 10-game season) for a new football coach during his first three seasons with a team. The coach won 1, 3, and 8 games, respectively, over the three seasons. Which conclusion is appropriate?
A. The football coach won an average of four games per season.
B. The football coach won a median of three games per season.
C. neither A nor B
D. both A and B

A

d

30
Q

The ______ is the middle value in a distribution of scores that are listed in numeric order.
A. mean
B. median
C. mode
D. range

A

b

31
Q

The ______ is the value that occurs most often or at the highest frequency in a distribution.
A. mean
B. median
C. mode
D. range

A

c

32
Q

A researcher records 52 scores. What is the median position of these scores?
A. the 26th score in numeric order
B. the average of the 26th and 27th scores in numeric order
C. the 27th score in numeric order
D. It’s not possible to know this without the raw scores.

A

b

33
Q

A researcher records 17 scores. What is the median position of these scores?
A. the 9th score in numeric order
B. the average of the 9th and 10th scores in numeric order
C. the average of the 8th and 9th scores in numeric order
D. It’s not possible to know this without the raw scores.

A

a

34
Q

A researcher records the following data (from lowest to highest): 10, 18, 23, 32, 46, 46, 60. Is the mode equal to the median in this example?
A. Yes.
B. No; the median is larger than the mode.
C. No; the mode is larger than the median.
D. There is not enough information to answer this question.

A

c

35
Q

Consider the following data (sorted lowest to highest): 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 5, 8. Is the mode equal to the median in this example?
A. Yes.
B. No; the median is larger than the mode.
C. No; the mode is larger than the median.
D. There is not enough information to answer this question.

A

b

36
Q

Which of the following will decrease the value of the mean?
A. deleting a score below the mean
B. adding a score below the mean
C. adding a score exactly equal to the mean
D. none of these

A

b

37
Q

Consider the following data (sorted lowest to highest): 220, 310, 426, 450, 500. If you remove 220, then the value of the mean will ______.
A. decrease
B. increase
C. remain the same
D. become negative

A

b

38
Q

The distribution of annual household income in the United States is positively skewed. If the median annual income is about 56,000 Dollars, this implies that the mean annual household income
in the United States is ______.
A. smaller
B. larger
C. the same
D. There is not enough information to answer this question.

A

b

39
Q

The mean is an appropriate measure of central tendency for ______.
A. data that are symmetrically distributed
B. data that are on an interval or ratio scale
C. data in which the mean, median, and mode are equal
D. all of these

A

d

40
Q

The median is an appropriate measure of central tendency for ______.
A. data that are positively skewed
B. data that are negatively skewed
C. data that are on an ordinal scale
D. all of these

A

d

41
Q

True or false: The sample size is in the denominator of the calculation of a sample mean.

A

true

42
Q

True or false: The mode is always the middle score in a distribution.

A

false

43
Q

True or false: The mode and the median can never be the same value.

A

false

44
Q

True or false: The median cannot be at the centre of a distribution if the mean is also at the centre of the distribution.

A

false

45
Q

True or false: A researcher measures the following scores (sorted lowest to highest): 0, 3, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7. In this example, the mean is smaller than the median.

A

false

46
Q

True or false: A researcher measures the following scores (sorted lowest to highest): 2, 3, 3, 5, 6, 7, 9. In this example, the mean is smaller than the median.

A

false

47
Q

True or false: Adding a new score to a set of scores will always change the mean.

A

false

48
Q

True or false: A skewed distribution tends to pull the median, but not the mean, toward outliers in the data.

A

false

49
Q

True or false: The mean, median, and mode are all the same value in a perfectly symmetrical distribution.

A

true

50
Q

True or false: A distribution with a skinnier left-hand tail is said to have a negative skew.

A

true

data analysis (8 decks)

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