Class 8 - Inflammatory & Infectious Diseases pt. 2

Question 1

The bacteria that causes syphilis is called…

Answer 1

treponema pallidum

Question 2

Syphilis sores are called…

Answer 2

chancres

Question 3

The most effective antibiotic for syphilis is…

Answer 3

penicillin

Question 4

Chancres develop ___ weeks after exposure to treponema pallidum

Answer 4

1-12

Question 5

One of the primary S&S of syphilis is…

Answer 5

inguinal lymphadenopathy

Question 6

Second stage syphilis will see what S&S? It occurs when?

Answer 6

macular rash
condyloma latum (elevated skin lesions/papules)
hepatitis, other organ inflammation

2 months to 2 years

Question 7

What are gummas?

Answer 7

Granulomatous lesions characterized by a centre of necrotic tissue with a rubbery texture

Question 8

Gummas can break down to form ___ and are often found in the ___, ___, and ___.

Answer 8

ulcers

liver, bones, testes

Question 9

The tertiary stage of syphilis most notably affects the ___ system

Answer 9

cardiovascular

Question 10

Cardiovascular syphilis/tertiary stage doesn’t occur until at least __ years after initial infection

Answer 10

10 years

Question 11

The two most common CVS manifestations of tertiary syphilis are:

Answer 11

1. aneurysm formation in the ascending aorta

2. gumma of the cardiac valves!!!!

Question 12

What is tabes dorsalis?

Answer 12

symptoms of neurosyphilis where the dorsal column and dorsal root degenerate, there is a loss of sensory nerves resulting in wide-based gait (impaired proprioception) and impaired sensation of pain, temperature, vibration, and areflexia.

Question 13

Neurosyphilis sees what kind of paresis?

Answer 13

‘general paresis of the insane’ d/t damage to cortical brain regions

Question 14

Bell’s palsy is mot common between the ages of _ and _

Answer 14

15 and 45

Question 15

Two likely culprits behind bell’s palsy (though it’s usually idiopathic) are…

Answer 15

reactivated shingles
lyme disease bacteria

acoustic neuromas

Question 16

What two conditions have an increased risk of bell’s palsy?

Answer 16

diabetes mellitus

pregnancy

Question 17

The treatment for bell’s palsy is…

Answer 17

high dose corticosteroids for 5 days and lower for 5 more days (ASAP!)

may also be paired with antiviral tx

Question 18

Bell’s palsy has 100% recovery if treated within _ days of onset, and only __ after 4 days

Answer 18

3 days

86% after 4 days

Question 19

Vestibular neuritis is most likely caused by…

Answer 19

viral infection of the inner ear, or viral infections occurring elsewhere in the body

Question 20

Labyrinthitis is when… what are the symptoms?

Answer 20

both branches of the vestibulocochlear nerve are swollen, affecting balance and hearing.

symptoms are same as vestibular neuritis + tinnitus and/or hearing loss

Question 21

S&S of vestibular neuritis include…

Answer 21

nystagmus
sudden, severe vertigo
dizziness
balance difficulties
nausea, vomiting
difficulties concentrating