Class 8 - Inflammatory & Infectious Diseases pt. 2 Flashcards
The bacteria that causes syphilis is called…
treponema pallidum
Syphilis sores are called…
chancres
The most effective antibiotic for syphilis is…
penicillin
Chancres develop ___ weeks after exposure to treponema pallidum
1-12
One of the primary S&S of syphilis is…
inguinal lymphadenopathy
Second stage syphilis will see what S&S? It occurs when?
macular rash
condyloma latum (elevated skin lesions/papules)
hepatitis, other organ inflammation
2 months to 2 years
What are gummas?
Granulomatous lesions characterized by a centre of necrotic tissue with a rubbery texture
Gummas can break down to form ___ and are often found in the ___, ___, and ___.
ulcers
liver, bones, testes
The tertiary stage of syphilis most notably affects the ___ system
cardiovascular
Cardiovascular syphilis/tertiary stage doesn’t occur until at least __ years after initial infection
10 years
The two most common CVS manifestations of tertiary syphilis are:
- aneurysm formation in the ascending aorta
2. gumma of the cardiac valves!!!!
What is tabes dorsalis?
symptoms of neurosyphilis where the dorsal column and dorsal root degenerate, there is a loss of sensory nerves resulting in wide-based gait (impaired proprioception) and impaired sensation of pain, temperature, vibration, and areflexia.
Neurosyphilis sees what kind of paresis?
‘general paresis of the insane’ d/t damage to cortical brain regions
Bell’s palsy is mot common between the ages of _ and _
15 and 45
Two likely culprits behind bell’s palsy (though it’s usually idiopathic) are…
reactivated shingles
lyme disease bacteria
acoustic neuromas
What two conditions have an increased risk of bell’s palsy?
diabetes mellitus
pregnancy
The treatment for bell’s palsy is…
high dose corticosteroids for 5 days and lower for 5 more days (ASAP!)
may also be paired with antiviral tx
Bell’s palsy has 100% recovery if treated within _ days of onset, and only __ after 4 days
3 days
86% after 4 days
Vestibular neuritis is most likely caused by…
viral infection of the inner ear, or viral infections occurring elsewhere in the body
Labyrinthitis is when… what are the symptoms?
both branches of the vestibulocochlear nerve are swollen, affecting balance and hearing.
symptoms are same as vestibular neuritis + tinnitus and/or hearing loss
S&S of vestibular neuritis include…
nystagmus sudden, severe vertigo dizziness balance difficulties nausea, vomiting difficulties concentrating
