Class 7 - Infectious Neuropathies

Question 1

What is the incubation period (typically) for Lyme disease?

Answer 1

1-2 weeks

Question 2

When is the highest risk of infection for Lyme disease?

Answer 2

between the weather warming up in spring and through till the fall

Question 3

What are the 3 stages of Lyme disease?

Answer 3

Early localized
Early disseminated
Late disease (chronic)

Question 4

Acute neurological issues associated with Lyme disease are termed:
And occur in ___% of untreated patients

Answer 4

neuroborreliosis

10-15%

Question 5

What are some notable early, localized symptoms of Lyme disease?

Answer 5

erythema migrans (the bulls eye rash)*
fever, myalgia, malaise, arthralgia, headache
tender, localized adenopathy*

Question 6

What is Banwarth syndrome?

Answer 6

nerve pain radiating out from the spine as a chronic symptom of Lyme disease

Question 7

Botulism has a __% mortality rate. Symptoms onset within __ to __ hours after ingestion of the food.

Answer 7

20%

12-36 hours

Question 8

Symptoms of botulism are ascending/descending, symmetrical/asymmetrical, and will have normal/affected sensory and mental functions:

Answer 8

DESCENDING,
SYMMETRICAL
NORMAL

Question 9

How quickly will respiratory failure after symptom onset occur with botulism?

Answer 9

6-8 hours

Question 10

Herpes viruses remain dormant in the ____ ganglia of _____ nerves.

Answer 10

sensory ganglia (dorsal root) of cranial and spinal nerves

Question 11

Post-herpetic neuralgia pain can last ___ to ___ after the initial symptoms

Answer 11

months to years

Question 12

What is Ramsey-Hunt syndrome?

Answer 12

when shingles affects the facial nerve near the ears

• loss of taste
• vessicles on tympanic membrane & external auditory meatus

Question 13

What drug is commonly used to manage post-herpetic neuralgia?

Answer 13

Acyclovir (antiviral)

Question 14

What is the name of the vaccine to prevent shingles?

Answer 14

Zostavax vaccine

Question 15

Up to __% of people will experience a 2nd shingles attack

Answer 15

20%

Question 16

Poliomyelitis is also called…

Answer 16

infantile paralysis

Question 17

About __% of polio infections have no symptoms at all!

Answer 17

90%

Question 18

What are the 3 types of polio?

Answer 18

spinal (most common) = asymmetrical paralysis, usually in legs
bulbar = weakness of mm innervated by cranial nerves
bulbospinal = combination of the above

Question 19

What is the name of the polio vaccine?

Answer 19

Salk-Sabine vaccine

Question 20

Post-polio syndrome can occur even __ years after initial infection

Answer 20

20-25 years

Question 21

Trigeminal neuralgia can be the first sign of…

Answer 21

MS, diabetes, or B12 deficiency

Question 22

Tic douloureaux most commonly involves which division of the trigeminal nerve? Which is LEAST common?

Answer 22

most common: maxillary

least common: ophthalmic

Question 23

What are two common tx for TN?

Answer 23

tegretol (medication)
radiofrequency ablation

also: nerve decompression, nerve section, alcohol ablation

Question 24

Botulism has a __% rate of mortality

Answer 24

20

Question 25

Why is botulism deadly? (Pathogenesis)

Answer 25

Inhibits ACh release, causing symmetrical, flaccid paralysis but normal sensory and mental functions, eventually leading to respiratory failure within 6-8 hours

Question 26

Symptoms of botulism will onset ___ after ingestion of food

Answer 26

12-36 hours

Question 27

Herpes zoster (VZV) hides in the ___ and travels along ____ nerves

Answer 27

sensory ganglia of cranial & spinal nerves and travels along SENSORY nerves

Question 28

How does shingles affect nerves?

Answer 28

demyelination and degeneration occurs

Question 29

What is post-herpetic neuralgia? How long can it last?

Answer 29

constant aching, burning, stabbing pain after the rash that can last months to years after the symptoms

Question 30

What is Ramsey-Hunt syndrome?

Answer 30

shingles infection of the facial nerve near the ears

Question 31

How is polio primarily spread?

Answer 31

fecal to oral route

Question 32

What percentage of polio cases are asymptomatic?

Answer 32

90%

Question 33

In fewer than _% of cases, poliomyelitis virus will enter the CNS and destroy motor neurons.

Answer 33

1%

Question 34

What are the 3 types of polio?

Answer 34

1) spinal (most common) 2) bulbar polio 3) bulbospinal polio

Question 35

Spinal polio, the most common form, is characterized by...

Answer 35

asymmetric paralysis most often seen in the legs

Question 36

Poliovirus is an ___virus

Answer 36

entero (intestinal)

Question 37

What is the Salk-sabine vaccine used for?

Answer 37

polio

Question 38

Poliomyelitis, if infecting the CNS, presents like...

Answer 38

aseptic meningitis (headache, stiff neck, fever) + flaccid paralysis

Question 39

Post-polio syndrome is also called PPMA, standing for:

Answer 39

post-polio muscular atrophy

Question 40

Postpolio syndrome can occur even ___ years after initial infection

Answer 40

25-35 years

Question 41

Trigeminal neuralgia can cause paralysis of...

Answer 41

chewing muscles

Question 42

Trigeminal neuralgia can be the first sign of...

Answer 42

MS Diabetes B12 deficiency

Question 43

The __ division of the trigeminal nerve is most commonly involved in TN

Answer 43

maxillary

Question 44

What is Tegretol?

Answer 44

anticonvulsant used to treat TN that has many side effects

Question 45

Treatments for trigeminal neuralgia include...

Answer 45

radiofrequency ablation nerve decompression nerve resection alcohol ablation