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Language Disorders School-Age > Class 5 Quiz > Flashcards

Class 5 Quiz Flashcards

1
Q

Acoustic immittance (tympanometry)

A
  • a test to determine the function (impedance and compliance) of the tympanic membrane
  • middle ear
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2
Q

3 measurements to look for when interpreting tympanometry:

A
  • volume of the middle ear (estimated canal volume) (in mm)
  • the peak pressure tip of the graph
  • the measurement of movement of the tympanic membrane
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3
Q

Volume of the middle ear

A
  • measured in mm (usually 1.5-2)
  • important because if the eardrum is smaller than it should be, more wax or impaction
  • if the volume is bigger look for perforation or a tube
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4
Q

Peak pressure of the tip of the graph

A
  • should be -100 to +100
  • measured in cubic centimeters
  • important because there can be eustachian tube dysfunction and we need it to vibrate at its ultimate compliance level
  • affects the transmission of sound and how readily it vibrates
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5
Q

Measurement of movement of the tympanic membrane

A
  • measured in dekapascales-dPA
  • no compliance could mean fluid or something behind the eardrum
  • hypermobile compliance can mean not much
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6
Q

Normal Ranges for tympanogram for both children and adults child (3-10)

A
  • Admittance/Compliance: .25-1.05
  • dPA: 80-159
  • Canal Volume (cm2): .3-.9
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7
Q

Normal Ranges for tympanogram for both children and adults adult (18+)

A

-Admittance/Compliance: .30-1.70
- dPA 51-114
- Canal Volume (cm2): .9-2.0

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8
Q

Type A Tympanogram

A
  • normal (what we want to see)
  • sensorineural hearing loss or normal (AC matches BC)
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9
Q

Type B Tympanogram

A
  • flat tympanogram
  • no measurement/movement
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10
Q

Type C Tympanogram

A
  • have a positive and a negative
  • can see if itll be positive or negative based on the pressure
  • same compliance as a part A but peak will be different (outside of the box)
  • common in someone who is just starting or getting over an ear infection
  • Sometimes youll have no air-bone gap, but usually you get a conductive hearing loss
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11
Q

The box on a tympanogram

A
  • clinical normal
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12
Q

Acoustic reflexes (ipsilateral and contralateral)

A
  • the reflexive contraction of the middle ear muscles in response to sound stimulation
  • can define middle-ear, cochlear, and 8th nerve disorders
  • Frank Musiek
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13
Q

Small ear canal volume in an adult. Why?

A
  • wax
  • swimmers ear
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14
Q

Small ear canal volume in a child. Why?

A
  • wax
  • foreign object
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15
Q

Flat tympanogram with very small ear canal volume:

A
  • full impaction
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16
Q

Flat tympanogram with normal ear canal volume and normal otoscopy:

A
  • when there is fluid behind the eardrum
17
Q

Flat tympanogram with large ear canal volume in both a child and adult:

A
  • perforation
  • tubes
18
Q

Type C tympanogram clincial indication

A
  • start or finish ear infection
  • eustachian tube dysfunction
19
Q

Type As tympanogram clinical indication

A
  • ## stiff but correct peaking/pressurization
20
Q

Type Ad tympanograms clinical indication

A
  • soft sign for ossicular discontinuity
  • hypermobile eardrum
21
Q

Type B tympanogram clinical implication

A
  • large volume/perforation
  • lots of fluid
  • impaction
22
Q

When presented with a high intensity sound stimulus, the

A

stapedius and tensor tympani muscles contract

23
Q

The stapedius stiffens the ossicular chain by pulling

A

the stapes of the middle ear away from the oval window of the inner ear

24
Q

The tympani muscle stiffens the ossicular chain by loading the

A

Tympanic Membrane when it pulls the malleus in toward the middle ear

25
Q

The contraction of the stapedius muscle stiffens the middle ear which

A

decreases middle-ear admittance (not allowing sound to go in) which can be measured by tympanometry
- PROTECTS HEARING AGINST LOUD SOUNDS

26
Q

in normal hearing individuals

A

80dB is the pretty loud sound when contraction starts

27
Q

Clinical Reasoning for Acoustic Reflex

A
  • rule out malingering
  • rule out acoustic neuroma
28
Q
A
29
Q

Acoustic reflexis are present in 85% of people

A

18-30 years old

30
Q

Acoustic reflexis are present in 75% of

A

all people

Language Disorders School-Age (3 decks)

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