class 3 behaviour change theroies Flashcards
5 common behavior change theories
trans-theoretical model
health belief model
social cognitive theory
social-ecological model
integrated model of behaviour
why use behavior change theories
(more effective)
Interventions delivered by nutrition
and dietetics practitioners that are
underpinned by behaviour change
theories and utilize various behaviour change techniques are more effective at improving patient health outcomes
[in primary care settings] than dietary interventions without theoretical underpinnings
what is an intervention?
An intervention is a health promotion activity aimed at changing the behaviour of a target population
what are the 2 things an intervention requires?
- Information about our target population and why they
do what they do - Multiple strategies to influence behaviour
what determines a persons intertion?
- attitudes
- social norms
- behavioral control
how are the beliefs often measured as?
disagree–netural—agree
an example of a person’s attitude torwareds sth
i feel good when i eat vegetables
an example of social norms
people important to me thnik that i should lose weight and their opinions are important to me
an example of behavioiral control
the events in my life are mainly determined by my own actions
key concepts of trans-theroetical model
- behaviour change is described as a serious of changes
- specific behaviour change strategies for each stage
what is the trans-theoretical model?
the stages of chage, behavior change is explained as readiness to change
what are the stages in trans-theoretical model?
Precontemplation – is unaware / not interested in making change
Contemplation – thinking about making a change (w/in 6 months)
Preparation – decides to change and plans a change (w/in 1 month)
Action – practices the desired behaviour (< 6 months)
Maintenance – sustained change (> 6 months; part of daily routine)
Relapse – fails to maintain behaviour change and re-enters the process
interventions strategies for precomtemplation
Build self-awareness
Discuss risks and benefits
Assess knowledge, attitudes, values, beliefs
Acknowledge emotions
intervention strategies for contemplation stage
Explore pros and cons of change
Decrease barriers to change
Increase confidence; reinforce past accomplishments
Encourage a support networ
intervention strategies for perparation stage
Facilitate setting small, specific, realistic goals
Reinforce small accomplishments
Facilitate development of an action plan
intervention strategies for action stage
Provide tailored self-help materials
Refer to a self-management program
intervention strategies for maintenance stage
Coach on preparation for high-risk situations
Link with online or community support groups
Encourage continued self-monitoring and goal setting
what is health belief model
Perception of the health problem and appraisal of proposed
behavioural changes are central to a decision to change
key concepts of health belief model
- Perceived susceptibility
- Perceived severity
- Perceived benefits and barriers
- Self-efficacy
- Cues to action
intervention strategies for perceived susceptibility
Ask clients if they think they are at risk or if they have the disease/condition
Education on disease risk and link to diet (“why-to”)
Tailor information on risk factors to promote accurate perception of ris
intervention strategies for perceived severity
Discuss potential impact on lifestyle
Educate on consequences of disease/condition (e.g., show graphs)
intervention strategies for perceived benefits and barriers
Explore pros and cons of change
Summarize and affirm the positive
intervention strategies for cues to action
“How-to” education
Incentive programs; reminder phone calls/texts
Social support
intervention strategies for self-efficacy
Skill training and demonstration
Coach on alternatives and choices
Small, incremental goals
what is social cognitive theory?
People and their environment interact continuously, each
influencing the other (reciprocal determinism)
key concepts in social cognitive theory
Learning occurs through taking action, observations of
others taking action, and evaluation of the results of those
actions
* Focus is on certain target behaviours rather than knowledge
and attitudes
intervention strategies for environment factors in social cognitive theory
Provide opportunities and social support
what are the intervention strategies for reciprocal determinism
Consider multiple behaviour change strategies targeting
motivation, action, the individual, and the environment
intervention strategies for self regulation
Provide opportunities for decision-making, self-monitoring,
goal setting, problem solving, and self-reward
intervention strategies for behavioral capability
comprehensive education
Skill development and training/coaching
intervention strategies for expectations
Motivational interviewing
Model positive outcomes of diet/exercise
intervention strategies for self-efficacy
Small, incremental goals
Monitoring and reinforcement
Problem-solving discussions
interventional strategies for obervational learning
Demonstrations / peer modeling
Group problem-solving sessions
intervention strategies for reinforcement
Affirm accomplishments
Encourage self-initiated rewards and incentives
what is the integrated model of behavior
An expansion of the Theory of Planned Behavior
key concept of integrated model of behaviour
Any given behavior is most likely to occur if one has a strong
intention to perform the behavior, has the necessary skills
and abilities required to perform the behavior, and there are
no environmental or other constraints to prevent
behavioral performance
