class 3 behaviour change theroies

Question 1

5 common behavior change theories

Answer 1

trans-theoretical model
health belief model
social cognitive theory
social-ecological model
integrated model of behaviour

Question 2

why use behavior change theories
(more effective)

Answer 2

Interventions delivered by nutrition
and dietetics practitioners that are
underpinned by behaviour change
theories and utilize various behaviour change techniques are more effective at improving patient health outcomes
[in primary care settings] than dietary interventions without theoretical underpinnings

Question 3

what is an intervention?

Answer 3

An intervention is a health promotion activity aimed at changing the behaviour of a target population

Question 4

what are the 2 things an intervention requires?

Answer 4

1. Information about our target population and why they
   do what they do
2. Multiple strategies to influence behaviour

Question 5

what determines a persons intertion?

Answer 5

1. attitudes
2. social norms
3. behavioral control

Question 6

how are the beliefs often measured as?

Answer 6

disagree–netural—agree

Question 7

an example of a person’s attitude torwareds sth

Answer 7

i feel good when i eat vegetables

Question 8

an example of social norms

Answer 8

people important to me thnik that i should lose weight and their opinions are important to me

Question 9

an example of behavioiral control

Answer 9

the events in my life are mainly determined by my own actions

Question 10

key concepts of trans-theroetical model

Answer 10

1. behaviour change is described as a serious of changes
2. specific behaviour change strategies for each stage

Question 11

what is the trans-theoretical model?

Answer 11

the stages of chage, behavior change is explained as readiness to change

Question 12

what are the stages in trans-theoretical model?

Answer 12

Precontemplation – is unaware / not interested in making change
Contemplation – thinking about making a change (w/in 6 months)
Preparation – decides to change and plans a change (w/in 1 month)
Action – practices the desired behaviour (< 6 months)
Maintenance – sustained change (> 6 months; part of daily routine)
Relapse – fails to maintain behaviour change and re-enters the process

Question 13

interventions strategies for precomtemplation

Answer 13

Build self-awareness
Discuss risks and benefits
Assess knowledge, attitudes, values, beliefs
Acknowledge emotions

Question 14

intervention strategies for contemplation stage

Answer 14

Explore pros and cons of change
Decrease barriers to change
Increase confidence; reinforce past accomplishments
Encourage a support networ

Question 15

intervention strategies for perparation stage

Answer 15

Facilitate setting small, specific, realistic goals
Reinforce small accomplishments
Facilitate development of an action plan

Question 16

intervention strategies for action stage

Answer 16

Provide tailored self-help materials
Refer to a self-management program

Question 17

intervention strategies for maintenance stage

Answer 17

Coach on preparation for high-risk situations
Link with online or community support groups
Encourage continued self-monitoring and goal setting

Question 18

what is health belief model

Answer 18

Perception of the health problem and appraisal of proposed
behavioural changes are central to a decision to change

Question 19

key concepts of health belief model

Answer 19

• Perceived susceptibility
• Perceived severity
• Perceived benefits and barriers
• Self-efficacy
• Cues to action

Question 21

intervention strategies for perceived susceptibility

Answer 21

Ask clients if they think they are at risk or if they have the disease/condition
Education on disease risk and link to diet (“why-to”)
Tailor information on risk factors to promote accurate perception of ris

Question 22

intervention strategies for perceived severity

Answer 22

Discuss potential impact on lifestyle
Educate on consequences of disease/condition (e.g., show graphs)

Question 23

intervention strategies for perceived benefits and barriers

Answer 23

Explore pros and cons of change
Summarize and affirm the positive

Question 24

intervention strategies for cues to action

Answer 24

“How-to” education
Incentive programs; reminder phone calls/texts
Social support

Question 25

intervention strategies for self-efficacy

Answer 25

Skill training and demonstration
Coach on alternatives and choices
Small, incremental goals

Question 26

what is social cognitive theory?

Answer 26

People and their environment interact continuously, each
influencing the other (reciprocal determinism)

Question 27

key concepts in social cognitive theory

Answer 27

Learning occurs through taking action, observations of
others taking action, and evaluation of the results of those
actions
* Focus is on certain target behaviours rather than knowledge
and attitudes

Question 28

intervention strategies for environment factors in social cognitive theory

Answer 28

Provide opportunities and social support

Question 29

what are the intervention strategies for reciprocal determinism

Answer 29

Consider multiple behaviour change strategies targeting
motivation, action, the individual, and the environment

Question 30

intervention strategies for self regulation

Answer 30

Provide opportunities for decision-making, self-monitoring,
goal setting, problem solving, and self-reward

Question 31

intervention strategies for behavioral capability

Answer 31

comprehensive education
Skill development and training/coaching

Question 32

intervention strategies for expectations

Answer 32

Motivational interviewing
Model positive outcomes of diet/exercise

Question 33

intervention strategies for self-efficacy

Answer 33

Small, incremental goals
Monitoring and reinforcement
Problem-solving discussions

Question 34

interventional strategies for obervational learning

Answer 34

Demonstrations / peer modeling
Group problem-solving sessions

Question 35

intervention strategies for reinforcement

Answer 35

Affirm accomplishments
Encourage self-initiated rewards and incentives

Question 36

what is the integrated model of behavior

Answer 36

An expansion of the Theory of Planned Behavior

Question 37

key concept of integrated model of behaviour

Answer 37

Any given behavior is most likely to occur if one has a strong
intention to perform the behavior, has the necessary skills
and abilities required to perform the behavior, and there are
no environmental or other constraints to prevent
behavioral performance