Class 3 Flashcards
What are IMF dependent on?
BP
MP
Vaporizing Pressure
Which state has the strongest IMF?
solid has the strongest gas has the weakest
What is the terms for solid>liquid
Melting/fusion
What is the term for liquid to gas?
Vaporization
What is the terms from gas to liquid?
Condensation
What is the term from liquid to solid?
Freezing/crystallization
What is the term from solid to gas?
Sublimation
What is the term form gas to solid?
Deposition
What is melting and boiling point proportional to?
Pressure
What is the critical point?
Difference between liquid and gas doesn’t exist
What is the triple point?
When all 3 phases co exist in equilibrium
For water how does the relationship between melting point and Pressure look like?
MP is inversely proportional to pressure
What is temperature?
Average kinetic energy of a molecular motion
What could happen if you change the heat of a substance?
- Change phase (potential energy)
- Change temp (kinetic energy)
- but cant to both at the same time
What are the 2 q equations?
q=n x deltaH of phase change
q=mc(change in T)
In a phase diagram what is happening when there is a slope and a plateau?
Slope: no change in IMF, no breaking IMF just increasing temp
Plateau: Changing IMF and breaking IMF, no change in temp
What is the specific heat of water?
4.18 J/gC
What is heat capacity?
Specific object or system J/C or J/K
What is density?
How condensed a substance is
What is the equation for density?
p=m/v
For density how does external P, T and IMF relate to density?
External P: directly proportional to density
External T: is indirectly proportional to density
IMF: directly proportional to density
What is the vapour pressure?
Force exerted by gas particles for a solid to liquid
-not dependent on other substances in a closed or open system
For vapour pressure how does external P, T and IMF relate to vapour pressure?
External P has no effect on VP
External T: if increase temp it increases evaporation and increases VP
IMF: if IMF increases it lowers evaporation and decrease PV
Whaat is BP?
When condensation/vaporization phase transition occur
-when VP=Patm
For BP how does external P, T and IMF relate to BP?
External P directly proportional to BP
IMF directly proportional to BP
External T no effect
What is melting/Freezing?
MP and FP have the same value
For MP/FP how does external P, T and IMF relate to MP/FP?
External P: directly proportional too MP/FP
IMF: directly proportional to MP/FP
What is the difference between solute and solvent?
Solute: lower quantity
Solvent: increased quantity
What happens when solid and ligand are in water?
solubility is proportional to temp and not affected by pressure
What happens when gas solutes are in water?
Solubility is proportional to temp and are affected by pressure
What happens when there are electrolytes in water?
Certain core always going to be soluble
What is the kinetic molecular theory of gases?
Ideal gas has 0 IMF
- has particles with negligible volume compared to their container size
- has an average KE proportional to temp
- has elastic collision where no KR is lost between particles and container wall *this creates pressure
What is avogadros law?
V of ideal gas is proportional number of particles in the container at given temp and pressure regardless of the gas
-V proportional to mols
How much does one mol of any gas equal?
Occupies 22.4l=L at STP
What is boils law?
P inversely proportional to V at constant mol (n) and T
What is Charles law?
T proportional to V at constant mol and P
What is Gay-Lussae law?
P proportional to T at constant mol and V
What is the ideal gas law?
Is a snap shot of the gas
PV=nRT
-R=0.08L/atm/mK
What is daltons law?
Total P of a gas mix= the sum of the partial pressures
pp of gas are proportional to mol fraction
What is grams law?
Rate of diffusion or effusion of a gas in inversely treated to the root of its molar mass
- heavy particles move slow
- lighter particles move quick
What is the difference between diffusion and effusion?
diffusion: movement go gas through other gas
Effusion: Movement of gas into vacuum (where P=0atm)
What do we always have to remember with grams law?
Pideal is always greater than Preal
Videal is alway greater than Vreal
