Class 1 Flashcards
What is the atomic number made of?
Protons determine element
What is the element mass number determined by?
Protons and neutrons
When trying to exciters and electron to an more excited state, where does the energy come from?
Comes from a photon (particle of light)
What sign depicts energy absorbed from photon and energy emitted from photon?
Absorbed +
Emitted -
What is the relationship between energy frequency and wavelength?
E and F are proportional
E is inversely promotional to wavelength
What is the equation for energy?
E=h(planks constant) x frequency
What is the order of wavelengths from lowest to highest?
Radio microwave IR Visible light (ROYGBV) UV Xray Gamma
What are characteristics of low energy wavelengths?
Long wavelength and low frequency
What are characteristics of high energy wavelengths?
Short Wavelengths and high frequency
How does e- energy differ in the distance of the e-?
Energy increases with distance from nucleus
Energy increase with complexity of orbital shapes
In p and d orbitals how many orbitals are there and how many e- can It hold?
p has 3 orbitals that hold 6 e-
d has 5 orbitals that have 10 e-
What is the difference between diamagnetic and paramagnetic?
Diamagnetic has a all e- paired
Paramagnetic has at least 1 unpaired e-
What happens to e-s when you have a positive charge or a negative charge?
Positive: you remove e-
Negative: you add e-
What are core e-?
They shield valence e- from the full nuclear charge
What is atomic radius?
Valence e- pulled more toward nucleus
- from left to right decreases
- from top down increases
Overall trend increases as you go down and to the left
What is ionic radius?
Valence e- repulsion is increase in anions and decreasing repulsion in cations
What is isoelectric?
Same e- configuration
Shielding is the same
Z is different (charge from nucleus reaching to valence e-)
What is ionization energy?
The main energy required to remove a valence e-
- from left to right increases
- From top to bottom decreases
Overall trend increases as you go up and to the right
What is electron affinity?
Energy change when adding an e- to valence shell of an atom in gaseous state
- from left to right increases
- from top to bottom decreases
Overall trend increases as you go up and to the right
What isElectronegativity?
Ability of an atom to attract e- to itself in a covalent bond
- from left to right increases
- from top to bottom decreases
What is acidity?
The ability to decrease pH depends not he relativities of acid and conjugate base
- from left to right increase in electronegativity= more stable conjugate base and stronger acid
- from top to bottom atomic radius increases=more stable conjugate base and stronger acid
How does size affect acidity?
As size increases, becomes more stable if its in the same column
