Class #3 Flashcards
Define Worldview (2)
The way a group of people see their world, their physical and symbolic space, and their place in the world.
A collection of beliefs about life and the universe held by an individual or group; the lens through which the world is viewed by an individual or group; the overall perspective from which the world is interpreted.
What are 4 experiences the develop a persons worldview?
1) Childhood/Upbringing
2) Culture/Community
3) Reinforcement
Punishment
4) Media/Portrayals/stories
What are 3 things that assist with developing a persons worldview when regarding analysis/thought/reflection?
1) Questions
2) Discussion/Debate
3) Maturity/Independence
What are 2 issues with Canadian Culture?
1) Intention to uphold principles of equity and social justice
2) Democratic racism
What is democratic racism?
- Cultural Differences
- Prevents the identification of social and structural barriers, discriminatory practices, and racism. Instead, blames the victims for their own outcomes and the inequities they experience
- Is subtle and unlikely to be challenged unless recognized and exposed
What does the term “cultural differences” mean?
Used as a euphemism for racial differences to explain health, social and economic inequalities
How is culture is defined?
Culture has been defined as the values, beliefs, and practices common or inherent to a group of people.
What are limitations to how culture is defined?
- Culture becomes synonymous with race or ethnicity
- Suggests you can know another person’s culture simply by determining which group they affiliate with, or associating them with a particular group (intersectionality)
- Overlooks power structures and social conditions
- Assumes values, beliefs, practices, etc. do not change over time
- Overlooks the complexity of an individual’s life and experiences
What does re-defining culture mean?
- Contemporary definitions see culture as a process that happens between people.
- We continuously participate in and create culture.
- Culture is constantly in flux.
How do contemporary definitions see culture?
Contemporary definitions see culture as a process that happens between people.
What does it mean to re-define culture?
- We help to create culture in our community, in our workplace, and so on.
- We must engage in self-reflection and self-analysis to identify our own culture(s) and social location, and how that shapes our values, beliefs, and behaviors.
- We must consider differences between us and others in terms of social context, power structures, and social inequities.
What are the 3 approaches to culture?
1) Cultural Sensitivity
2) Cultural Competence
3) Cultural Safety
What does cultural sensitivity emphasize?
Emphasizes that individual health care providers should become sensitive toward individual patient differences from dominant norms.
(Nurses must identify those differences and then be sensitive to, or tolerant of, the differences.)
What is cultural sensitivity based on?
Based on a static view of culture; sees culture as a characteristic of a person or a group of people.
What are some limitations to cultural sensitivity? (6)
- People do not agree with the group they are assigned to, and may find categorization offensive
- Individuals may not subscribe to all the practices associated with one particular group
- Individuals within a group may have significantly different values, norms, and practices
- Leads to stereotyping and erroneous assumptions
- Does not consider the broader context and social/power structures of the person’s life
- Implies there is a preferred norm, and others must be tolerated
What are the different way that cultural competence can be used?
- Can refer to nurses developing understanding of different cultures and the beliefs, values, and practices of various groups
- Can also refer to learning about the contexts that shape culture and individual experiences, whether in others or oneself.
What can cultural competence be used to support?
Can be used to support either cultural sensitivity or cultural safety
What are some limitations to cultural competence?
- Seen as a checkbox
- Does not necessarily lead to action
What is cultural safety based on?
Based on idea of culture as a process, something that is dynamic and ever changing, something that we create
Culture shifts in relation to power dynamics within society, as well as historical, economic, political, and local trends
What does cultural safety focus on?
Focuses on how a particular group is perceived and treated, rather than on what they think or do
More actively addresses inequitable power relations, racism, stigma, and discrimination within healthcare (and society)
What does and health and healthcare depend on in regards to cultural safety?
More actively addresses inequitable power relations, racism, stigma, and discrimination within healthcare (and society)
What does cultural safety believe about individual and institutional discrimination?
Individual and institutional discrimination in health care creates risks for patients
Cultural safety in practice (2)
1) Reflect on how our own biases, assumptions, norms, and ways of being influence our viewpoints, interactions, and practices
2) Critically analyze the culture of health and health care
What are some influences to Critically analyze the culture of health and health care? (3)
1) Biomedicine: focus on natural sciences of physics and chemistry and biology
2) Corporatism: health care follows a business model in terms of marketplace, management, and organizational behaviour
3) Liberal Individualism: value individuals over the collective; also hold individuals responsible for their own well-being and health in all domains
