Class 2

Question 1

What is the peritoneum?

Answer 1

Transparent serous membrane that covers body wall and organs

Question 2

2 subdivisions of peritoneum depending on whether it lines body wall or organs

Answer 2

parietal and visceral

Question 3

Define peritoneal cavity

Answer 3

Potential space of capillary thinness between the parietal and visceral layers of peritoneum

Question 4

2 sacs of peritoneal cavity

Answer 4

greater and lesser sacs

Question 5

How do the greater and lesser sacs communicate?

Answer 5

epiploic foramen

Question 6

Retroperitoneal organs

Answer 6

Suprarenal/adrenal glands
Aorta/IVC 
Duodenum
Pancreas
Ureter
Colon - ascending and descending 
Kidneys
Esophagus 
Rectum

Question 7

Intraperitoneal organs

Answer 7

transverse colon, stomach, spleen, liver

Question 8

Are there any organs in peritoneal cavity?

Answer 8

No

Question 9

What is present in peritoneal cavity?

Answer 9

peritoneal fluid

Question 10

Which layer of peritoneum is more sensitive to pain, temperature etc?

Answer 10

parietal

Question 11

Attachments of greater omentum?

Answer 11

greater curvature of stomach and duodenum

Question 12

Attachments of lesser omentum?

Answer 12

lesser curvature of stomach and liver

Question 13

How does the greater omentum localise infection and prevent serous diffuse peritonitis?

Answer 13

In inflammation eg appendicitis will adhere to site of infection and wrap around area

Question 14

3 main posterior abdominal wall muscles

Answer 14

psoas major, quadratus lomborium, iliacus

Question 15

3 major openings of diaphragm and vertebral level

Answer 15

T8 - IVC
T10 - oesophagus
T12 - aorta

Question 16

3 main branches of the aorta supplying gut tube

Answer 16

caeliac trunk, inferior and superior mesenteric

Question 17

Vertebral level the aorta divides into 2 common iliac arteries?

Answer 17

L4

Question 18

How is IVC formed?

Answer 18

left and right common iliac veins

Question 19

Vertebral levels of the 3 main arterial braches to gut tube

Answer 19

T12, L1, L3

Question 20

What is a portal system?

Answer 20

The system of blood vessels which has a capillary network at each end

Question 21

2 veins forming portal vein?

Answer 21

splenic and superior mesenteric

Question 22

4 sites of portocaval anastomoses

Answer 22

distal oesophagus, rectal veins, umbilical vein and colic vein twigs

Question 23

Clinical significance of portocaval anastomoses

Answer 23

During portal hypertension can create a shunt to portal vein and IVC to reduce bleeding

Question 24

Are the abdominopelvic or pelvic splanchnic nerves parasympathetic?

Answer 24

pelvic

Question 25

What other nerve is parasympathetic to abdominal viscera?

Answer 25

vagus

Question 26

Vagotomy effect on gastric secretion?

Answer 26

reduces

Question 27

Level of kidney

Answer 27

T12-L3

Question 28

What is the name for the expanded upper bit of the ureter?

Answer 28

renal pelvis