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1
Q

Conflict (n)

A

Disagreement/argument/quarrel/tiff

Exp:

1-There was a lot of conflict between him and his father.
2-It was an unpopular policy and caused a number of conflicts within the party.
3-His outspoken views would frequently bring him into conflict with the president.

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2
Q

Haphazard(adj)

A

Random
Coincidental
Arbitary
chance
تصادفی-اتفاقی-بیقاعده

Exp: 1-He tackled the problem in a typically haphazard manner.
2-Haphazard record-keeping made it difficult for the agency to keep track of its clients.

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3
Q

Incorporate (v)

A

Include
Contain
Embrace
Embody
Assimilate

به هم پیوستن -آمیختن-متحد کردن

Exp
1-Suggestions from the survey have been incorporated into/in the final design.
2-This aircraft incorporates several new safety features.
3-He has become more venturesome this season with dress designs that incorporate a variety of ethnic influences.
4-The film incorporates elements of fantasy and science fiction.
5-The act incorporates the European Convention on Human Rights into English law.

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4
Q

Incorporate (v)

A

Include
Contain
Embrace
Embody
Assimilate

گنجاندن - به هم پیوستن -آمیختن-متحد کردن

Exp
1-Suggestions from the survey have been incorporated into/in the final design.
2-This aircraft incorporates several new safety features.
3-He has become more venturesome this season with dress designs that incorporate a variety of ethnic influences.
4-The film incorporates elements of fantasy and science fiction.
5-The act incorporates the European Convention on Human Rights into English law.

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5
Q

Fascinating (adj)

A

Captivating
Intresting
Thrilling
Exciting
Absorbing
Enchanting
Gripping
Be somone’s bag(idiom)

Exp:
1-The book offers a fascinating glimpse of the lives of the rich and famous.
2-I found the whole movie fascinating.

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6
Q

strictly(adv)

A

firmly
severly
rigidly
exactly or correctly

به شدت / سختگیرانه

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7
Q

appealing

A

attractive
charming
tempting
engaging
captivating
eye catching
alluring
enticing

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8
Q

collaboration ( n )

A

work together

exp: 1-The show was a result of collaboration between several museums.
2- international collaboration is important for solving global issues.

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9
Q
A
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10
Q

Discover (v)

A

figure out
detect
uncover
find out
reveal
identify
expose

exp: 1- They came to California hoping to discover gold.
2-She discovered that he had been married three times before.

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11
Q

innovation

A

use of new ideas
change
revolution
upheaval
reorganization
remodeling

نواوری
exp: 1-A real innovation here is the publication of this calendar in electronic form on a floppy disk.
2-
Moreover, his music may lack innovation and hence be deemed somewhat inconsequential.
3-A capacity for permanent innovation becomes the touchstone of success.

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12
Q

estimate (v)

A

guess
roughly calculate
approximate

برآورد کردن
exp:
1-They estimate that a hundred people were killed in the accident.
2-The number of dead is estimated at a hundred.
3-However, it should be emphasized that this survey was too limited to enable exact estimates.

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13
Q

to pose a danger /problem/ threat

A

cause or creat or generate a danger /problem/ threat
exp: A lot of these chemicals pose very real threats to our health.
2-a phobia is an extreme fear usually of something that poses no real danger at all.

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14
Q

logical(adj)

A

reasonable/rational / sensible

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15
Q

rational (adj)

A

logical/reasonable / sensible

opp> irrational / unreasonable /illogical

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16
Q

to set sb/sth apart

A

separate/ dufferentiate/ distinguish

If a quality sets someone or something apart, it makes them different from and usually better than others of the same type.set sb/sth apart

exp; t’s their intelligence which sets them apart from other rock bands.

متمایز کردن

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17
Q

to lessen (v)

A

decrease
reduce
opp> increase/ enhance

exp: exercise can help lessen stress and anxiety

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17
Q

trigger (v)

A

activate
irritate ( for negative situations > make someone angry )

exp: His arrest triggered mass protests.

تحریک کردن

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18
Q

homebound (adj)

A

*confined at home
*unable to leave your home because you are too sick or old

خانه نشین
exp: It makes use of a great fund of voluntary service, and it is in the interests of the housebound
2-It is the category of those who are housebound, who are immobile.

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19
Q

impact (n)

A

affect / influence/impression/

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20
Q

slightly (adv)

A

کمی

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21
Q

widespread(adj)

A

extensive / global/worldwide/ wholesale(it uses about products)

گسترده

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22
Q

to seek(v)

A

search for / look for /be after sth/ try to find / try to get

exp: to seek advice/a solution

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23
Q

bumpy(adj)

A

پر ازچاله

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24
Q

cramped (adj)

A

not big enough. it’s about spaces )

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25
Q

overwhelming (adj)

A

very large / enormous/ massive/huge / profuse

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26
Q

in the face of sth (ph)

A

در مواجهه با چیزی

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27
Q

fearful (adj)

A

ترسناک

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28
Q

self confidence

A

اعتماد بنقس

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28
Q

dizzy(adj)

A

گیج

feeling that everything is turning around

exp: 1-Going without sleep for a long time makes me feel dizzy and light-headed.
2-I felt dizzy with excitement as I went up to collect the award.
3-I keep having/getting dizzy spells.

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29
Q

self esteem

A

عزت نفس

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30
Q

to gain confidence (ph)

A

اعتماد بنفس پیدا کردن

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31
Q

at ease (ph)
(feel ) at ease
put someone at ease

A

relaxed / calm

exp : 1- A good interviewer will know how to put you at your ease

32
Q

to pose ( v )
to pose a threat

A

creat
generate
cause

بوجود آوردن

exp : 1-\Drunken drivers pose a serious threat to other road users.
2-The students were deported because they posed a threat to national security.
3-The result of the vote poses a serious challenge to the government’s credibility.

33
Q

impression (n)

A

influence
effect
impact
perception
judgment

an idea or opinion of what something or someone is like:

phrases:
1- to give you an impression of something = تأثیری درمورد چیزی گذاشتن
2-be under the impression = think sth is true when it’s not
3- first impression

exp: 1-You’ll get a false impression of the town if you only visit the university.
2-My general impression of the place was good.
3-His helpfulness today has made me revise my original impression of him.

34
Q

to form an opinion about sth (ph)

A

نظری را در مورد چیزی شکل دادن

35
Q

to be naturally programmed to

A

به طور طبیعی یا ذاتی برنامه ریزی شده بودن

36
Q

what’s more

A

in addition/ moreover

علاوه بر این

37
Q

hold on to sth (ph v)

A

stick to sth /keep sth

exp: she decided to hold on to her beliefs despite the criticism.

38
Q

as the saying goes ( ph )

A

as it said
همانطور که گفته شد

39
Q

to turn out to be (ph )

A

after passing time you find out sth / to happen in an unexpected way /discover sth surprisingly and finally

exp : 1- The truth turned out to be stranger than we had expected.
2-[ + that ] It turns out that she had known him when they were children.

تبدیل شدن / کاشف به عمل آمدن
check dictionary

40
Q

to overlook (v)

A

pretend not to notice something / to fail to notice sth or someone

exp: 1-I’m prepared to overlook his behaviour this time. 2- it’s easy to overlook small details in a big project

41
Q

lead to sth

A

cause
bring about
result in

منجر شدن به

42
Q

partnership (n)

A

collaboration
cooperation
alliance

شراکت

43
Q

to be deeply connected to sth ( ph )

A

عمیقا مرتبط بودن به چیزی

44
Q

subconscious (n)(adj)

A

the part of your mind that notices and remembers information when you are not actively trying to do so

exp: The memory was buried deep within my subconscious.
2-Such memories exist only on/at the subconscious level.
3-Our subconscious mind registers things which our conscious mind is not aware of.

45
Q

conscious (adj

A

noticing
awake
aware
knowing what’s happening around you

opp > unconscious

46
Q

instinct (n)

A

a natural ability that helps a creature decide or behave in a particular way without having to think or learn about it

47
Q

initial (adj)

A

first / earliest/ primary/

48
Q

to take effort ( phrase)

A

نیاز به تلاش داشتن

exp: it takes effort to maintain good relationships.

49
Q

intraction (n)

A

تعامل

exp :positive interactions with someone can enhance your mood .

50
Q

sincere ( adj )

A

freindly/ profound / deep /

51
Q

sincerely(adv)

A

respectfully/fully hearted

52
Q

respectful(adj)

A

showing admiration or honor and politeness
phrases:
1-be respectful of sth
exp: He taught his children to be respectful of other cultures.
2-There was a respectful two-minute silence as we remembered the soldiers who had died in the war.
3-he was respectful towards everyone in the meeting

53
Q

engaging(adj)

A

charming/attractive/appealing/delightful/likeable/sweet

54
Q

to stand tall( ph )

A

با افتخار ایسادن

55
Q

compensate ( v)

A

repay/reimburse

جبران کردن

56
Q

tend to(v)

A

want to / lean forward to sth/ prefer sth

57
Q

no matter the situation ( ph )

A

در هر شرایطی

58
Q

credible (adj)

A

believable
opp incredible
able to be believed or trusted

exp: They haven’t produced any credible evidence that he is guilty.
2-he story of what had happened to her was barely (= almost not)

59
Q

gesture (N)

A

movement
a movement of the hands, arms, or head, etc. to express an idea or feeling:

exp: The prisoner raised his fist in a gesture of defiance as he was led out of the courtroom.
2-She made a rude gesture at the other driver.
3-“All this is mine, “ she said with a sweeping arm gesture.
4-He threw his hands up in a gesture of despair.

60
Q

posture (n)

A

the way in which someone hold their body

61
Q

amenity(n)

A

facility/service/equipment

*something, such as a swimming pool or shopping centre, that is intended to make life more pleasant or comfortable for the people in a town, hotel, or other place
*something intended to make life more pleasant or comfortable for people:

exp: The council has some spare cash, which it proposes to spend on public amenities.

تسهیلات/ وسیله رفاه

62
Q

facilitation (n)

A

amentation

something intended to make life more pleasant or comfortable for people:

أسان سازی

63
Q

omnipresent (adj)(F)

A

ubiquitous

present everywhere and having an effect everywhere at the same time:

64
Q

omnipotent(adj)(F)

A

having unlimited power and able to do anything:

65
Q

attentive (adj)

A

alert/ awake/ focused/ aware/ perceptive /mindful/

حواس جمع

66
Q

be in touch (contact )
(ph)

A

در أرتباط بودن

67
Q

to be a bless in disguise ( idiom )

A

being a double edged sword

something that seems bad or unlucky at first, but results in something good happening later:

exp: Losing that job was a blessing in disguise really.

68
Q

to put sb at ease/rest ( idiom)

A

to stop someone from worrying about something:

exp : Chris phoned to say they’d arrived safely, so that really put my mind at rest.

خیال کسی را راحت کردن

69
Q

restrict (v)

A

to limit

exp : The government passed a law to restrict the sale of guns.
2-The government has restricted freedom of movement into and out of the country.

70
Q

harness (v)

A

to control something
to put a harness on an animal or a person:

exp: He harnessed the baby into her car seat.
2-There is a great deal of interest in harnessing wind and waves as new sources of power.

71
Q

to put sb/sth at mercy

A
72
Q

off the grid (adj)

A

not using or depending on public utilities, especially the supply of electricity.

exp: These are innovative green homes for an alternative off-the-grid lifestyle.

73
Q

solace (n)(v)

A

*help/ comfort /peace/ consolation
*to give help and comfort to sb who is feeling sad or worried
exp : When his wife left him, he found solace in the bottle (= drank alcohol)

74
Q

sovereignty(n)

A

the power or authority to rule
the power of a country to control its own government:

حق حاکمیت

75
Q

autarky(n)

A

self sufficiency
economic independance

استقلال اقتصادی

75
Q

perseverance (n)

A

continued effort to do or achieve something, even when this is difficult or takes a long time:

exp: 1-It took a lot of patience and perseverance for all sides to reach an agreement.
2-Over and over, they have shown perseverance in the face of adversity.
3-A combination of brilliant imagination and dogged perseverance enabled them to triumph.
4-Eventually, her perseverance paid off and she won a contract with a major recording company

پشتکار / استقامت

76
Q

autonomy(n)

A

the ability to make your own decisions without being controlled by anyone else

the right of an organization, country, or region to be independent and govern itself:

خود مختاری - استقلال داخلی

77
Q

self employment(n)
self employed (adj)

A

not working for an employer
having your own business:

exp: Many people like the flexibility of self-employment.
2-Laid-off workers are much less likely to be rehired by their old companies and have to find new jobs or turn to self-employment.

78
Q
A
79
Q
A

English vocabulary (5 decks)

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