CLA THEORIES * Flashcards
Innateness (CHOMSKY)
Noam Chomsky
Created LANGUAGE ACQUISITION DEVICE (LAD)
As more language is heard, the baby’s grammar becomes more like adults.
Behavioural (SKINNER)
Positive reinforcement:
rewards, repetitions, following through of requests and demands
Negative reinforcement:
punishment, ignoring, denial of wants
Social Interaction (BRUNER)
LASS - LANGUAGE ACQUISITION SUPPORT SYSTEM
involves:
1) gaining attention
2) query
3) label
4) feedback
Cognitive (PIAGET)
A child must understand a concept before they can develop language to express it.
e.g. seriation
Can compare objects with respect to size
e.g. Object Permanence
From 18 months, they realise objects have an existence independently of their perception.
The Wug Test (GLEASON)
The Wug Test is a picture book for children and adults that uses invented nouns, verbs, and adjectives to illuminate what children know about their own language.
Critical Age hypothesis (LENNEBERG)
Holds the view that language must occur during a critical period (before the age of 13) for full language development to occur
Katherine Nelson
Babies speech seems to be a string of single words, separate, usually concrete and proper nouns (physically there)
Four categories:
1) naming words
2) action words
3) modifiers
4) social words
Roger brown (INFLECTIONS)
several stages
Cruttenden (overgeneralisation of grammatical rules)
divided the acquisition of inflections into the following three stages:
1) In the first stage, children memorise words on an individual basis
2) In the second stage they show an awareness of the general rules of inflections. They observe that past tense forms usually end in –ed so instead of ‘ran’ they say ‘runned’. This kind of error is known as Overgeneralisation.
3) In the third stage, correct inflections are used
HALLIDAY - REPRESENTATIONAL
Language used to convert information and facts
My toy car is red
HALLIDAY - REGULATORY
When language is used to tell others what to do
Come here
HALLIDAY - PERSONAL
Language used to express opinions, feelings and identity
I am brave
HALLIDAY - INSTRUMENTAL
This is when the child’s language expresses their needs
Want milk
HALLIDAY - INTERACTIONAL
Language used to serve the purpose of relationship - forming and making contact with others
(I love you mom)
HALLIDAY - IMAGINATIVE
Use of language language o create an imaginary world, often used in play
(I’m a princess)
