CLA

Question 1

nativism

Answer 1

child has an innate ability to learn speech

instinctive ability to learn grammar and language

Question 2

behaviourim

Answer 2

child learns to speak as a result of the influence of their environment
input from adults and caregivers

Question 3

catherine nelson

Answer 3

-suggested childrens first 60% of words are nouns

Question 4

deletion

Answer 4

when child omits a phoneme

eg “ock” for ‘sock’

Question 5

over extension

Answer 5

child uses a term to describe something similar; often in the same schema

Question 6

what does over extension show

Answer 6

children are active ppts in learning by making connections between words they know with objects they don’t know the word for

Question 7

two-word stage

Answer 7

2 words are put in the correct syntactic sequence
eg ‘daddy catch’
s v

Question 8

hallidays functional model

Answer 8

• suggests children are highly motivated to learn language from their environment
• speech is a toolkit which kids use to survive.

Question 9

what are Halliday’s 7 functions

Answer 9

1. instrumental => basic needs
2. regulatory => make ppl want what you want
3. imaginative => play
4. representation => teach, inform
5. interactional => interact
6. personal => express emotion
7. heutistic => learn

Question 10

skinner

Answer 10

BEHAVIOURIST

• imitation theory
• children imitate their parents and gain + or - reinforcement according to utterances
• children learn to speak through operant conditioning

Question 11

Bruner

Answer 11

SOCIAL INTERACTIONIST
- social interaction with carer is where lang is learnt
-language seen as less formal and being in a social env will lead to lang acquisition
language acquisition support system (LASS)
-rich env surrounding child

Question 12

Vygotsky

Answer 12

SOCIAL INTERACTIONIST
- zone of proximal development which consists of things we can do with help of care giver or MKO
more knowledgeable other
- a more skilled person who provides support and encouragement who scaffolds a childs learning

Question 13

Chomsky

Answer 13

NATIVIST
- lang is a biologically inherited skill and our natural capacity for lang allows us to acquire lang around us
- genes drive our learning
Language acquisition device
- specific area in the brain that is responsible for processing language

Question 14

Piaget

Answer 14

COGNITIVISM

• children are naturally curious and dive their own learning
• they are restricted by their own cognitive development
• children form schemas

Question 15

Jean Berko Gleason

Answer 15

• wug test

- to investigate the acquisition of the plural and morphological inflections in children

Question 16

What did Jean Berko Gleason’s study show

Answer 16

• children have internalised grammar rules that enable the to produce forms of words that they’ve never heard before
• suggests that children have an INNATE capacity to acquire features

Question 17

virtuous error

Answer 17

when a standard grammar rule is applied to irregular word

supports NATIVIST views => internalised grammar

Question 18

telegraphic stage

Answer 18

• when a child combines three or more words

- only use essential words => content words

Question 19

what words are omitted in the telegraphic stage

Answer 19

function words 
eg determiners, prepositions, pronouns etc

Question 20

Lenneberg

Answer 20

critical period hypothesis

• window of opportunity in which we are primed to learn language
• ability to learnt to speak rapidly declines after 7 years old

Question 21

Tomasello

Answer 21

children have 2 skills :

• Intention reading => working out pragmatic meaning behind what an adult says
• Pattern finding => ability to see grammatical and semantic patterns usually using slot and frame

Question 22

Bard and Sachs

Answer 22

• a child raised by deaf parents and watched tv still couldn’t talk verbally

shows social interaction is important for speech development

Question 23

Berko and Brown

Answer 23

child called a fish ‘fis’ but when adult called it ‘fis’ they didn’t understand
=> children can understand more than they can say

Question 24

Garvey

Answer 24

in play children are able to adopt roles and act out story lines => important for development