CKD Flashcards
What is the definition of CKD
Chronic Reduction in kidney function thats normally permanent + progressive
What are 3 risk factors for causing CKD
Nephrotoxic Drugs (NSAIDS)
Diabetes / HTN / CVD
Glomerulonephritis
what disease that runs in families can cause CKD
Polycystic Kidney Disease
What is the general symptom of CKD
Asymptomatic
If there were to be symptoms in CKD, what could they be (4)
Pruritis (itchy skin)
Loss of appetite
Pallor
Oedema
In the investigations for CKD, what type of test is done using U&E with 2 test 3 months apart to establish CKD
eGFR
When assessing proteinuria in the urine, what ratio is done
Urine Albumin : Creatinine Ratio
What complication can arise from CKD that can be treated using ACE inhibitors as its 1st line treatment
HTN
what is a complication of using ACE inhibitors + CKD
Hyperkalaemia
==> As both increase potassium in blood
What can form as a complication in CKD that has to do with RBC
Anaemia of Chronic Kidney Disease
==> EPO release is heavily reduced
Why is renal bone disease a complication of CKD (2)
Reduced phosphate excretion => High Serum Phosphate
Reduced Active Vit D => Kidneys cant activate it
With renal bone disease, what are the 4 complications that can arise from CKD
Secondary Hyperparathyroidism => Detects low Ca + high Phosphate => Release of PTH
Osteomalacia => Increased bone turnover without adequate Ca Supply
Osteosclerosis => Osteoblast match osteoclast but low calcium means cannot mineralise bone
Osteoporosis => Low Ca in serum (PTH too)
What can be given to deal with CKD complications related to bone (3)
Biphosphonates => Osteoporosis
Calcitriol
Low phosphate diet
