CJS

Question 1

What is it?

Answer 1

Refers to all the different agencies and organisations that are involved in law, order, crime and punishment, and how they work together. These are usually dominated by older, middle-class people e.g. Police, courts, prisons

Question 2

4 aims of the criminal justice system

Answer 2

1. Deterrence: Put people off committing crime in first place
2. Public protection: Maintain public order by preventing crime and catching offenders
3. Retribution: Punish prisoners for wrong-doing
4. Rehabilitation: Turn criminals into reformed characters after punishment

Question 3

Changing approaches to criminal justice

Answer 3

Since 70’s there has been growing emphasis on retributive justice with prisoners doubling from 1970 to 2014. However statistics show most crime doesn’t get reported and that since 80’s larger emphasis has been put on reducing crime.

Question 4

Culture of control: Left realism to right realism

Answer 4

Garlend:
Shift from Left realism (causes of crime rooted in injustice and inequality) to Right realism (emphasis on consequences of crime and need for social control).

Question 5

Restorative justice

Answer 5

Process which brings together victims of crime and the offenders responsible to help repair harm and restore dignity of victims, whilst also reducing their fear.