CJ 101 Test 4 Flashcards
_________ is a sentence served while under supervision for a minor crime in the community
Probation
Explain the term “Probation Revocation”
Probation revocation is when an offender violates their terms of parole/prob action and those rights get taken
As a general condition of probation, many probationers are also required to
- Pay A Fine
- Obey All Laws
- Maintain Employment
All Probation/Parole Officers are required to carry firearms
False
____________ is the supervised early release of inmates from prison confinement
Parole
Today, probation is the most common form of criminal sentencing in the United States
True
The managed program of the return to the community of individuals released from prison is called
Prisoner Reentry
The concept of parole has been highly successful as producing positive lasting results among the offenders released back into the community
False
___________ __________ is the release of an inmate from prison that is determined by statute or sentencing guidelines and is not decided by a parole board or other authority
Mandatory Release
A _________ violation is a failure to meet parole conditions
Parole
Restitution is a court requirement that an alleged or convicted offender pay money or provide services to the victim of a crime or provide services to the community
True
Imprisonment is relatively inexpensive when you compare the cost to put someone on probation or parole
False
Parole is more successful than probation because by being incarcerated, the parolee has been rehabilitated and is ready to go back into society
False
Parolees/probationers are more likely to commit future crimes than are average citizens
True
___________ ___________ is the administrative action of a paroling authority removing a person from parole status because of some kind of violation
Parole Revocation
One of the rights that probationers/parolees have is that they cannot be searched without a search warrant by a probation/parole officer, or any law enforcement officer
False
A _________ _________ is a hearing that is held before a legally constituted hearing body to determine whether a parolee/probationer has violated the conditions of their probation/parole
Revocation Hearing
Because of they average caseloads, probation/parole officers are able to keep close tabs on the clients that they are responsible for
False
Intermediate sanctions employ sentencing alternatives hat fall somewhere between outright imprisonment and simple probationary release back into the community
True
The politically correct term for the repetition of criminal behavior is called
Recidivism
Intensive Probation Supervision is a form of probation supervision involving frequent face-to-face contact between the probationer and the probation officer
True
A high percentage of parole violators (average over 70%) are arrested or were convicted of a new offense while on parole
True
China, which is far more populous than any other country, incarcerates more people than any other country in the world, including the United States
False
Today’s high rate of imprisonment can be attributed to a number of historical factors
- “Get Tough on Crime” Philosophy
- War on Drugs/Zero-Tolerance Policy
- Reluctance to release parolees because of fears of continued crime commission
Prison systems across the nation are facing spiraling costs as the number of inmates grows and as the age of the inmate population increases
True
________ _______ _________ mandate a lengthy prison term for criminal offenders convicted of a third violent crime or felony
Three Strikes Doctrine
A _______ is a state or federal confinement facility that has custodial authority over adults sentenced to confinement for felonies
Prison
Selective Incapacitation is a Just Deserts model that seeks to identify the most dangerous criminals with the goal of removing them from society
True
Is a prison is overcrowded and the death row inmate has exhibited good behavior in the last year, they may be eligible to be moved to a medium-security facility to ease overcrowding
False
In the prison system, explain the difference between the Initial Classification System and the Internal Classification System
Initial: When Offenders First Enter Prison
Internal: After Offender Has Spent Time in Prison
In ADMAX prison facilities, inmates have access to open exercise yards and can interact with other prisoners
False
_________ are locally operated short-term confinement facilities originally built to hold suspects following arrest and pending trial
Jails
One of the fastest growing sectors of today’s jail population consists of sentenced offenders serving time in local jails because overcrowding prisons cannot accept them
True
The education level of women in jail is surprisingly high with most of them being high school graduates
False
Because of the reluctance of judges to sentence pregnant females to jail, very rarely, if at all, a child is born to a female in prison
False
A common type of female inmate increasingly seen today is:
- Opiate Addicted
- Pregnant
- Has One or More STD
Often build in a system of pods, or modular self-contained housing areas linked to one another, _____________ _____________ jails have helped to eliminate the old physical barriers that separate staff and inmates
Direct-Supervision
In new generation jails, large reinforced Plexiglass panels have replaced walls and serve to separate activity areas
True
Explain what “Regional Jails” are
Regional Jails are jails that are built and run using the combined resources of a variety of local jurisdictions
The concept of ________________ is the use of privately run prisons rather than being run by the government
Privatization
The term has been used to describe prisons as enclosed facilities separated from society both socially and physically, where the inhabitants share all aspects of their daily lives
Total Institution
The process of the new inmate learning the convict values, attitudes, roles, and even language is called
Prisonization
The power of the prion code at the inmate lev el requires convicts to conform to the worldview held by the majority of the prisoners
True
_________ _________ is the language (slang) that is utilized by cons that is characteristic of prison subculture and prison life
Prison Argot
The idea that the inmate world is controlled by inmate values and behaviors is called ________ _________
Prison Subculture
Some studies of the feelings of separation that is present in institutions have identified some of the “pains of imprisonment.” These pains have been identified as the _________ ________
Deprivation Model
The “Importation Model” suggests that when inmates enter an institution, they bring with them values, roles, and behavior pattens from the outside world
True
When you first get into prison, you will be ____________ by some of the more violent inmates
Assaulted
According to the inmate view, if you are confronted and choose not to get involved, you will be rewarded by the correction officer staff for being a model prisoner, but chastised by the inmates
True
Some of the older inmates will offer cigarettes, money, for drugs to a new inmate because hey just want to be friendly
False
In regards to prison rape, inmates report these incidents with regularity because they know that most institutions will not tolerate this form of behavior
False
In an attempt to reduce incidents of prison rape, prison officials spend more time and care in matching _______ _________
Cell Partners
Caucasian women are eight times more likely than African-American women to be incarcerated
False
Women inmates are almost equal to male inmates when it comes to being incarcerated for violent crimes
False
Studies indicate that the female innate is _____________ likely to have experienced physical and/or sexual abuse prior to incarceration
More
Approximately __________ of women in state prison have substance abuse problems
80%
Today, more than 250,000 minor children have mothers in jail or prison
True
Studies have indicated that children visiting their mothers in prison is not a major problem because arrangements are made through the state to provide transportation to and from the institution
False
Male inmates are housed in institutions that are designed for males and female inmates are housed in institutions that are designed for females
False
Regarding women prisons, explain the concept of “Pseudofamilies”
Women will create “families” that include a husband, wife, daughter, etc. They will “marry into” these families and do that they are “supposed” to do, and they 100% take their roles seriously.
“Animalescents” is another name for
Crack Kids
This process assigns new prisoners to initial custody levels based on officers perceived dangerousness and escape risk of the individual being evaluated
Classification System
A correctional institution operated by a private firm on behalf of a legal or state government
Private Prison
The repetition of criminal behavior
Recidivism
Jails that are built and run using the combined resources of a variety of local jurisdictions
Regional Jail
New incoming prisoners learning the convict values, attitudes, roles, and language
Prisonization
A court requirement that an alleged/convicted offender pay money or provide services to the victim or the community
Restitution
The number of probation/parole clients assigned to a probation/parole officer for supervision
Caseload
A law cannot be created tomorrow that will hold a person legally responsible for something they do today
Ex Post Facto Laws
Enclosed facility separated from society, both socially and physically, where inhabitants share all aspects of their daily lives
Total Institution
A sentence that is served while under supervision in the community
Probation
Locally operated short term confinement facility
Jail
A sentence requiring the convicted offender to serve a period of confinement followed by a period of sentencing
Split Sentence
The size of the correctional population that an institute can effectively hold
Prison Capacity
Different family sexual identities assumed by women in female institutions
Pseudofamilies
Temporary confinement facility made up of pods, or modular self-contained housing areas without bars
Direct-Supervision Jail
Values and behavioral patterns characteristic of prison inmates
Prison Subculture
The supervised early release of inmates from penal institutions
Parole
A principle that attempts to weigh the rights of an individual against the authority of the states to make laws
Balancing Test
The slang language characteristic of prison subculture and prison life
Prison Argot
A term used to describe administrative maximum. This term is used by the government to denote ultra-high-security prisons
ADMAX
A court order taking away a convicted offender’s probationary status
Probation Revocation
Special conditions usually mandated by a sentencing authority (court or board) that take into consideration the background of the offender and the circumstances of the offense
Conditions of Parole
Supervision involving face-to-face contact between the probationer an the probation officer
Intensive Probation Supervision (IPS)
