Civil War Test Flashcards
Conscription
“Military Draft” Forcing soldiers to fight in the war
Abolitionist
A person that wanted to end/abolish/destroy slavery as a whole.
Secede
To pull out of, in this case, leave the union
Yankees
Northern side, against slavery
“Rebs”
Southern side, with slavery
Rebel Yell
When the “Rebs” are charging or on the attack
“Conductors”
People who helped slaves escape through the underground railroad, therefore being called conductors.
Siege Warfare
when a side surrounds the city of their enemy and blocks supplies from getting in, and messages from getting out
“Total war”
A war beyond the battlefield, bringing in civilians into the war. (burning farms, wrecking crops and hurting innocent civilians)
Gettysburg Address
The Gettysburg Address is a speech that U.S. President Abraham Lincoln delivered during the American Civil War at the dedication of the Soldiers’ National Cemetery in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania.
Dred Scott Decision
When the slave Dred Scott came from Missouri to Illinois and became free. However, his slave holders brought him back to Missouri and back under chains. He sued them because he was a free person since going to Illinois. However, the Court filed against him, one of the worst decisions ever.
Republican Party
The Republican Party was against slavery.
Fugitive-Slave Law of 1850
Was a very controvercial Law stating that runaway slaves should be returned to their owners regardless of living spaces of the Slave- in the North or South, making everyone a sheriff and a law making them act against their will and beliefs.
Andrew Jackson
President from 1829-1837. Union side and fought to abolish slavery and in favor of states rights.
John Calhoun
Argued for state rights, South Carolina’s senator and “positive good” is having slavery.
Abraham Lincoln
won the election of 1860, president during the civil war, was killed as a result of the civil by John Wilkes Booth,
Ralph Waldo Emerson
Suggested that the government pays the slaves to be free (which would mean higher taxes).
Harriet Beecher Stowe
Wrote ,”Uncle Tom’s Cabin.” Spoke out against slavery, and talked about in Abraham Lincolns, “So this is the little lady who made this war,” quote.
Fredrick Douglas
Great writer who taught himself to read and write as a slave
Harriet Tubman
Female conductor on the underground railroad
Shelby Foote
Wrote a 3000 page book on the Civil war called, “ The Civil War, a Narrative.”
John Brown
lead an 1859 raid on Harper Ferry Virginia, stealing weapons to perform a slave revolt.
John Wilkes Booth
Killed Abraham Lincoln in Ford’s theater
Andrew Johnson
Vice president to Abraham Lincoln, to his place when he died.
U.S. Grant
One of Lincoln’s most liked Generals, Union side, Was an Main Union General during the last stages of the war. Was buddies w/ Union General William Sherman.
William Tecumseh Sherman (Uncle Billy)
Was an Union general during the last stages of the war and was fighting in the west against Lee. waged “total war” in Georgia and was a fighting general that Lincoln liked.
George McClellan
Union commander that has great strategy, but poor on battlefield combat. Fired twice by Abraham Lincoln and ran against him for president in 1864. Lost most of his battles.
Winfield Scott
Came up with the Anaconda plan, Union general in 1861.
Joshua Lawrence Chamberlain
Union hero at Gettysburg- Will be promoted to General 1864. During the battle of Gettysburg, he was a Colonel.
George. G Meade
Union general at gettysburg (and won)
Stonewall Jackson
Stood like a “stonewall” while being fired at. Lost his life after his right arm had to be amputated at chancellorsville.
James Longstreet
aide to Robert E. Lee, they were friends, while Lee was polite and poised, Longstreet was crude and blunt. They were friends and fought together in Gettysburg.
Robert E. Lee
incredible general for the confederates, lost gettysburg.
J.E.B. Stuart
Confederate Cavalry Commander that went missing for two days, leaving Robert E. Lee. “blind” during the battle of Gettysburg.
George Pickett
led a failed attack on day 3 Gettysburg, Came with cavalry and 15,000 men to Gettysburg, lost to Union.
Albert Sydney Johnston
highest ranking officer to die in the battle at shiloh.
Recite the Rhyme of the Civil War
61 the war begun 62 the bullets flew 63 slaves went free 64 was filled with gore 65 Lincoln died
Number of American deaths
620,000
Main issue of the war?
Slavery
The average Confederate soldier would say he was fighting
to keep the North from invading their land. The union soldiers were fighting offensively and the confederate soldiers were fighting defensively, they could have left the union peacefully, but the union wouldn’t let them.
4 northern advantages
Better supplies, more soldiers, the war was mostly in the South, and they ran the industries.
2 southern advantages
Could produce all the food it needed and had trained soldiers.
American Pastime
baseball
3 things decided by the civil war
1 ended slavery, 2 preserved the Union, 3 USA was now committed to democracy for all men.
How did the Southerners get out of the draft
by having 20 of more slaves.
How did the Northerners get out of the draft?
by paying someone to fight for them.
Emancipation Proclamation
order by Lincoln after the battle of Antietam that freed the slaves after the war.
Main reason for the high number of battlefield deaths
There were new weapons with deadly accuracy and were easier to load.
54th Massachusetts
It was only black soldiers.
1864 election for president of USA
lincoln vs mcclellan- lincoln took advantage of the split in the Democratic Party and won a plurality of the vote
13th Amendment
abolished slavery
14th Amendment
granted citizenship and equal rights to all Americans
15th Amendment
made it illegal to use race as a voting criteria (it doesn’t matter what race you are, you just have to be a citizen to vote)
Capital of the Confederacy
Richmond, Virginia
The five border states (states that stayed in the Union, but allowed slavery)
Delaware, Kentucky, Maryland, Missouri, West Virginia
The two generals that satisfied Lincoln’s search for a fighter
U.S. Grant and Sherman.
Why is the war between the states a better name than the Civil war?
Because a civil war is technically where 2 or more sides fight over who’s going to control a union. In this case, 2 sides were fighting because one side wanted to leave the union.
Battle of Fort Sumter
South Carolina, first conflict that STARTED THE CIVIL WAR. The confederates captured Fort Sumter and the U.S. military garrison surrendered. No one was killed.
First Battle of Bull Run
People went to the battlefield and set up picnics thinking that it would end very soon. It was the first battle in the Civil War. There was a lot of bloodshed. It was a confederate victory.
Battle of Antietam
September 17th, 1862, Slim Union victory, Lots of casualties, and McClellan gets fired. First battle fought on Union soil.
Battle of Fredericksburg
It was a confederate victory, the confeds were placed behind a stone wall on the road and defeated the union army.
Battle of Chancellorsville
Union lost, Stonewall was killed (arm amputated) but died soon after. The Confederacy won but both sides suffered.
Battle of Gettysburg
The Confederacy lost the entire battle (union won). The Confederacy won the first day, but the Union won the battle. It was the turning point in the war, if the Confederacy would’ve won, they might have won the war. It was a very bloody battle.
Little Round Top
A part of the battle on the 3rd day where the union won with a bayonet charge.
Battle of Vicksburg
a siege battle, and it was a decisive victory for the union, who won, and it split up the confederacy and earned the U.S. Grant his reputation.
Siege at Petersburg
lasted for nine months when US Grant was trying to cut off Robert E. Lee’s army’s supplies, and he failed to capture its vital supply center.
Sherman’s March and the Fall of Atlanta
It was important because it made the southerners lose any hope that they could win the war.
Appomattox Courthouse
The union won and was able to capture the last of the confederate army and Robert E. Lee, marking the end of the civil war.
Explain how the Kansas-Nebraska Act and popular sovereignty repealed (or got rid of) the Missouri Compromise. And explain how ending the Missouri Compromise helped cause the Civil War (6 sentence paragraph)
The kansas and nebraska act allowed slavery in kansas and nebraska which are new territories giving them people power. But instead of being told by the gov’t what they were allowed to do and not to do, the people were permitted to choose whether they wanted slavery or not. Then came the bleeding Kansas that was caused because people disagreed between “slavery” and “abolishonists”. Then the Missouri compromise came along, which held peace for a while, but wasnt able to resolve the pressure of slavery for the nations future. This led to more fighting which became the civil war.
“You cannot make soldiers of slaves…The day you make soldiers of them is the beginning of the end of the Revolution. And if slaves seem good soldiers, then our whole theory of slavery is wrong.”
Senator Howell Cobb, Georgia
“A man might fire at you all day without you finding it out”
U.S. Grant talking about the old short-range muskets.
“I leave it to my audience. If I had had another face, do you think I’d wear this one?”
-Abraham Lincoln (after Stephen A. Douglas called him “two-faced” during one of their famous debates)
“War is the remedy our enemies have chosen…and I say let us give them all they want.”
-William Tecumseh Sherman
“A house divided against itself can not stand…It will become all one thing, or all the other.”
-Abraham Lincoln (about the civil war)
“So this is the little lady who wrote the book that made this great war.”
-Abraham Lincoln (while meeting Harriet Beecher Stowe for the first time)
“No man can put a chain about the ankle of his fellow man without at last finding the other end fastened about his own neck.”
-Frederick Douglass (you cannot blame your neighbor who ends a slave because of the slave fugitive cause. )
“The new saint will make the gallows glorious, like the cross”
-Ralph Waldo Emerson
