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civil war and reconstruction Flashcards

1
Q

what 5 states had slaves, but didn’t secede?

A

maryland, missouri, delaware, kentucky, west virginia

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2
Q

describe the significance of each border state in the union (maryland, missouri, delaware, and kentucky)

A
  • close to dc
  • control of the mississippi river
  • union support
  • strategic location
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3
Q

what were the advantages of the union?

A
  • larger population
  • more industrial resources
  • strong navy
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4
Q

What were the advantages of the confederacy?

A
  • strong military leaders
  • passion for fighting
  • familiarity with terrain
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5
Q

What was the anaconda plan?

A
  • blockade of southern parts
  • control of the mississippi river
  • cut off their resources
  • divide territory
  • “suffocate the south”
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6
Q

battle of antietam

A
  • bloodiest single day battle
  • nobody won
  • shifts lincoln’s focus on emancipation
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7
Q

importance of the emancipation proclamation

A
  • declared slaves in confederate territory to be free
  • transformed war
  • from preserving the union to fighting against slavery
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8
Q

what was the significance of the famous ironclad battle between the unions USS monitor and the confederacies CSS virginia at the battle of hampton roads?

A
  • Mark of the turning point in naval warfare
  • showcased effectiveness of ironclad ships
  • strategic victory, union mainland blockage
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9
Q

battle of fredericksburg

A

confederate victory, 1862

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10
Q

siege of vicksburg

A

union gained control of the mississippi river, 1863

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11
Q

battle of gettysburg

A
  • turning point, union victory, led to lincoln’s gettysburg address, 1863
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12
Q

total war

A
  • seek and destroy everything
  • make war as bad as possible to make it stop sooner
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13
Q

sherman’s march to sea

A
  • focused on destroying infrastructure
  • weakened confederate civilian morale
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14
Q

appomattox courthouse

A

general lee surrendered to general grant

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15
Q

total death toll of the war

A

620,000 - 750,000

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16
Q

habeas corpus

A
  • you can’t just put people in prison for no reason
  • legal protection against detention
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17
Q

significance of the formation of west virginia

A
  • western countries broke from virginia to stay in the union
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18
Q

draft riots

A
  • violent protests in nyc, 1863
  • working class
  • wealthy could pay ports to fight in the war for them
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19
Q

copperheads

A
  • northern democrats against the war
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20
Q

why did the south put an embargo on cotton efforts?

A
  • attempt to gain European support with cotton
  • backfired
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21
Q

what were the bread riots andwhere did they occur?

A
  • protest against food shortages in the south
  • resources were cut off
  • richmond, virginia
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22
Q

how did new weapons impact warfare?

A
  • rifled musket, minie ball
  • increased accuracy and casualty rates
23
Q

challenges of medical care on the battlefield

A
  • limited supplies and training
  • High mortality from infections and injuries
24
Q

how did soldiers keep busy between battles?

A
  • writing letters, games, reading, drills
25
Q

what was the reaction to the emancipation proclamation of what happened in texas?

A
  • mixed reactions, delayed effect in some areas
26
Q

Who was the 54th Massachusetts regiment and what was their significance?

A
  • one of the first african-american units
  • proved valor at fort wagner
27
Q

what were some of the ways african-americans phase discrimination during the civil war?

A
  • lower pay, harsher conditions
  • racial prejudice within military
28
Q

how did women contribute as soldiers in spice?

A
  • disguised themselves as men to fight
  • gathered intelligence for both sides
29
Q

the role woman had a medical care

A
  • serve as nurses and hospitals and battlefields
30
Q

how did women contribute at home?

A
  • Took on traditionally, male job
  • organized support for soldiers
  • managed farms
31
Q

key points of Johnson’s reconstruction plan

A
  • New state constitution
  • Elected a new state government
  • repelled its act of succession
  • Canceled war debt
  • ratified 13th amendment
  • slaves begin experiencing freedom in education and farming
32
Q

what did the 13th amendment do?

A

abolished slavery through the entire nation

33
Q

freedman’s bureau

A
  • to assist, formerly enslaved people and poor whites living in the south
  • provided food, clothing, and medical care
34
Q

congressman thaddeus steven’s plan for newly freed african americans

A

forty acres and a mule

35
Q

black codes

A
  • laws intended to restrict the freedom and limit the advancement of African-Americans
36
Q

what was the goal of the radical Republicans?

A

reconstruct the nation

37
Q

what did the civil rights act guarantee African-Americans?

A
  • declared that African-Americans were entitled equal
38
Q

why did President Johnson justify his veto of the civil rights act?

A
  • vetoed because it was too costly and lead people to a life of laziness
39
Q

what did the 14th amendment do?

A

further protected the rights of freed people

40
Q

why did President Johnson face impeachment?

A

for violating the tenure of office act

41
Q

scalawags

A

southern Democrats who viewed Republicans as traders to the south

42
Q

carpetbaggers

A

worthless fortune hunters

43
Q

every state in the south voted Republican for general Ulysses S grant except which two?

A

Louisiana and Georgia

44
Q

what did the 15th amendment do?

A

The right to vote

45
Q

why did white people stay away from the south first public tax supported school system?

A

so they didn’t have to mix with Black people

46
Q

tenant farming

A

planters divided land into small plots that they rented to workers who would grow crops

47
Q

sharecropping

A
  • hope they would earn enough money
  • experienced debt
48
Q

debt peonage

A

work for the person you owe money to, to pay off debt

49
Q

what was the terrorist groups that formed in the south opposing equality both social and political?

A
  • terrorist, blacks, and white Republicans from voting
  • targeted blacks, white Republicans and Friedman’s bureau
50
Q

how did the northerners feel about reconstruction change?

A
  • didn’t want to fight about it anymore
  • tired of dealing with it
51
Q

what happened during the election of 1876?

A
  • President Grant didn’t run for election
  • Election went to House of Representatives
  • Cheating votes
  • hayes wins and promises three things
52
Q

redeemers

A
  • redeem or save the south by returning it to White man’s rule
  • Cut school spending, reversed, education laws, put in Jim Crow laws, keeping black-and-whites separate
53
Q

plessy vs ferguson

A

segregation was constitutional under the doctrine of separate but equal

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