Civil War Flashcards
Long Term Causes of the War
Territorial Expansion, Economic Differences, Regional Power Difference in Congress, Slavery, Growing Abolitionist Movement, State’s Rights
Civil War Dates
April, 1861 to April, 1865
Border States
States that bordered free states and were part of the Union but had slaves. Delaware, Kentucky, Maryland, Missouri in June 1861
The USA
AKA: The Union, The North, Yankees, Federals
The CSA
AKA: The Confederacy, The South, Confederates, Rebels
Northern Strategies, Goals and Advantages
Strategy: Blockade Coastline, split the CSA by controlling the Mississsippi, Anaconda Plan
Goals: Initial goal+bring the seceded states back into the union–>ending slavery
Advantages: more soldiers, more miles of railroad track and more manufactured items
Southern Strategies and Goals
Strategy: DEFEND!
Goals: To protect their way of life (including slavery) and to be recognized as an independent country
Succession
The act of leaving the Union
The Confederate States of America
North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Mississippi, Louisiana, Alabama, Texas, Florida, Virginia, Tennessee, Arkansas
Emancipation
The freeing of someone from slavey
Anaconda Plan
the strategy to “squeeze” the confederacy into surrender
Abraham Lincoln
Republican President of the USA whose platform was based off discontinuing the spread of slavery
Ulysses S Grant
Named Commanding General of Federal Armies in 1864 (mostly because of his victory at Vicksburg)
Robert Gould Shaw
Colonel of the Massachusetts 54th Regiment
Jefferson Davis
President of the CSA. Former senator from Mississippi
Robert E Lee
Colonel in the US army before the war but turned down offer to command Union troops and joined the Confederate Army
Battle of Antietam
(Maryland) September 1862: Bloodiest day of the war, no clear winner but considered a USA win by lead Union general George B. McClellan because General Lee withdrew to Virginia. Caused France and Britain to hold off on recognizing the CSA as a country and gave Lincoln the confidence to announce the Emancipation Proclamation
Battle of Gettysburg
(Pennsylvania) July 1863: Started by a chance encounter between Union and Confederate forces. Union wins after 3 days of fighting. Considered the turning point of the war and ended CSA hopes of being recognized as an independent nation.
First Inaugural Address
March 1861: Lincoln gives this speech when elected. He says the North and South cannot survive without each other/ secession doesn’t fix anything. The two sides have more in common than in difference
Emancipation Proclamation
Announced September 1862 and Enacted January 1863: In order to please the northern, pro-abolition public, Lincoln issued the E.P. which declared that all slaves in areas of rebellion were free. Turned the war into a war to end slavery
Gettysburg Address
November 1863: Given to dedicate a portion of the battlefield to the thousands of soldiers who died at Gettysburg but Lincoln hoped to achieve a sense of unity. Said we can’t have let all these people die for nothing
Second Inaugural Address
March 1865: Given when Lincoln is re elected(November, 1864). He talks about reconstruction.
The South Secedes
January, 1861 when Lincoln is elected. 7 states followed by 4 more
Lincoln’s first Inauguration
March, 1861: Lincoln promised not to interfere with slavery but also not to let it spread. Claimed he would not allow succession
Attack on Fort Sumter
April, 1861: Lincoln tries to peacefully send supplies to soldiers, SC fears a trick and opens fire and starts the war
Attack on Fort Wagner
July, 1863: The Mass 54th regiment tries to take a confederate fort and loses but now the union has a more positive view on African American soldiers
Surrender at Appomattox Courthouse
April 9th, 1865: Grant calls upon Lee to surrender, they meet at Appomattox court house and Lee’s soldiers are sent home with gracious surrender terms
The Assassination of President Lincoln
April 14th, 1865: Lincoln was shot at a theater in DC by John Wilkes Booth. He died the next morning
