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American History > Civil War > Flashcards

Civil War Flashcards

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1
Q

Civil War Years

A

1861-1865

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2
Q

Advantages of North entering war

A

22 million people
railroad lines all in north
more workers, factories, textiles, firearms, etc

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3
Q

Disadvantages of north entering war

A

unprepared

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4
Q

Advantages of south entering war

A

prepared (motivation)

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5
Q

Disadvantages of south entering war

A
  1. 5 million whites

3. 5 million AA’s (dont use AA’s in army)

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6
Q

How many initially sign up for war?

A

a lot
N: thought it would be a quick win
S: motivation

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7
Q

As victory didn’t occur, soldiers…

A

stayed (both)
go home (N)
buy substitutes (S)
pay $300

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8
Q

S’s leaders

A

Pres Jefferson Davis

VP Alex Stevens

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9
Q

S’s capital

A

Richmond, VA

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10
Q

N’s Civil War Strategy

A

Anaconda Plan
Lincoln didn’t want to be too aggressive (didn’t want even more states to secede)
prevented trade between S and Brit

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11
Q

Lincoln’s favorite general

A

Ulysses S. Grant

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12
Q

S’s main general

A

Robert E. Lee

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13
Q

1st Manassas

A 
July 1861
also "Battle of Bull Run"
armies equal in #
near DC (S wanted to take N's capital for easy defeat in war)
union "traffic jam" with viewers
winner: S
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14
Q

Battle of Ironclads

A

March 1862

winner: S

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15
Q

General McClellan

A

N
chosen bc Lincoln was upset with loss at Bull Run
only trained army instead of putting men into battle (Lincoln annoyed)

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16
Q

Battle of Richmond

A

McClellan
Lincoln wants them to take S’s capital
Winner: S

17
Q

Robert E. Lee

A

S general
both sides wanted him
chose S bc he lived in VA (N angry so they made his house Arlington Cemetary)

18
Q

Battle at Shiloh

A

1st union victory
tried to gain control of Mississippi River
General Grant

19
Q

War on 2 fronts

A

1) Army of Potomic River: near the 2 capitals

2) Battle of the West: near Miss. River to gain control of it

20
Q

Battle of Antietam

A

bloodiest single day of war “Bloody Run”
turning pt: Brit was thinking of entering before (not anymore); could’ve easily ended war
Maryland
Sept 1862
Lee attacks McClellan-Lee retreats, McClellan doesn’t follow
winner: N (marginal victory)

21
Q

Emancipation Proclomation

A

written in 1862
into effect in 1863 (Lincoln waited for “major” Union victory-Antietam)
freed slaves in rebelling states
goal: keep border states happy for no secession (still allowed slaves)
Lincoln looks good to border states and abolitionists
Doesn’t really free anyone-unconstitutional (AA’s are property)

22
Q

54th Massachusetts

A

army of AA’s for N

23
Q

Congress passes _____ since they don’t have to worry about S’s opinions

A 
Extensive Legislation
tariffs
settle west
Pacific Railway
National Bank remade
24
Q

Siege at Vicksburg

A 
1863
near Miss. River
General Grant
47 days
N gains control of river (essentially winning Battle of West)
winner: N
25
Q

Road to Gettysburg

A

bloodiest battle of war
1863
General Meade
Lee moves north: wants to move war north so there’s more destruction there instead of in the south
3 day battle
Lee retreats: too many casualties, Meade doesn’t follow

26
Q

Ulysses Grant

A

Commander of Potomac
not very successful before war
frequently in trouble-heavy drinking

27
Q

North begins drafting in…

A 
1863
recruits Irish (don't care if Irish die)-NYC Draft Ride (July)
28
Q

“Pogram” against AA’s

A

S

any AA who got out of order had 0 tolerance

29
Q

Inflation in S

A

caused by Anaconda Plan

S can’t buy much - money becomes worthless

30
Q

March to the Sea

A

1864
General Sherman
prevent S from moving to capital
burn everything from Chattanoga to Atlanta
moves to Savannah port after burning Atlanta

31
Q

1864 Election

A

Lincoln reelected

Sherman’s victory helped

32
Q

Peace Movement: Copperheads

A

wanted to end war

supported democrats

33
Q

The Final Virginia Campaign

A

1864-1865
final battles around Richmond
Richmond: ultimate Union victory (wins war)

34
Q

Appomattox Surrender

A

April 1865

formal surrender of Robert E Lee

35
Q

casualties of war

A

mainly caused by disease, not wounds

36
Q

Lincoln Assassination: Plot I

A

Booth and other southerners
kidnap Lincoln
ransom for confederate prisoners of war
president changes itinerary

FAILS

37
Q

Assassination: Plot II

A

plan to assassinate all major northerners at same time (Lincoln, VP, Sec of state, Grant)

38
Q

Assassination

A

only Lincoln killed

39
Q

Assassination Trial

A

Booth dead
8 others tried
all found guilty

John Surratt (co conspirator) found later in Italy-hung

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