Civil War Flashcards
Civil War Years
1861-1865
Advantages of North entering war
22 million people
railroad lines all in north
more workers, factories, textiles, firearms, etc
Disadvantages of north entering war
unprepared
Advantages of south entering war
prepared (motivation)
Disadvantages of south entering war
- 5 million whites
3. 5 million AA’s (dont use AA’s in army)
How many initially sign up for war?
a lot
N: thought it would be a quick win
S: motivation
As victory didn’t occur, soldiers…
stayed (both)
go home (N)
buy substitutes (S)
pay $300
S’s leaders
Pres Jefferson Davis
VP Alex Stevens
S’s capital
Richmond, VA
N’s Civil War Strategy
Anaconda Plan
Lincoln didn’t want to be too aggressive (didn’t want even more states to secede)
prevented trade between S and Brit
Lincoln’s favorite general
Ulysses S. Grant
S’s main general
Robert E. Lee
1st Manassas
July 1861 also "Battle of Bull Run" armies equal in # near DC (S wanted to take N's capital for easy defeat in war) union "traffic jam" with viewers winner: S
Battle of Ironclads
March 1862
winner: S
General McClellan
N
chosen bc Lincoln was upset with loss at Bull Run
only trained army instead of putting men into battle (Lincoln annoyed)
Battle of Richmond
McClellan
Lincoln wants them to take S’s capital
Winner: S
Robert E. Lee
S general
both sides wanted him
chose S bc he lived in VA (N angry so they made his house Arlington Cemetary)
Battle at Shiloh
1st union victory
tried to gain control of Mississippi River
General Grant
War on 2 fronts
1) Army of Potomic River: near the 2 capitals
2) Battle of the West: near Miss. River to gain control of it
Battle of Antietam
bloodiest single day of war “Bloody Run”
turning pt: Brit was thinking of entering before (not anymore); could’ve easily ended war
Maryland
Sept 1862
Lee attacks McClellan-Lee retreats, McClellan doesn’t follow
winner: N (marginal victory)
Emancipation Proclomation
written in 1862
into effect in 1863 (Lincoln waited for “major” Union victory-Antietam)
freed slaves in rebelling states
goal: keep border states happy for no secession (still allowed slaves)
Lincoln looks good to border states and abolitionists
Doesn’t really free anyone-unconstitutional (AA’s are property)
54th Massachusetts
army of AA’s for N
Congress passes _____ since they don’t have to worry about S’s opinions
Extensive Legislation tariffs settle west Pacific Railway National Bank remade
Siege at Vicksburg
1863 near Miss. River General Grant 47 days N gains control of river (essentially winning Battle of West) winner: N
