Causes of the Civil War

Question 1

Albany Plan

Answer 1

1754
Benjamin Franklin
tried to unify colonies
during F & I War

Question 2

Was the Albany Plan rejected?

Answer 2

yes

Question 3

Writing of Constitution: Issue of Slavery

Answer 3

count slaves as 3/5 of person
end of slave trade in 1808
ignored since they believed it would die a natural death

Question 4

Writing of Constitution: Representation

Answer 4

House of Representatives: population
North benefits
Senate: equal
South benefits

Question 5

Cotton Gin

Answer 5

1793 by Eli Whitney
cotton more profitable
slaves become more financially viable

Question 6

Virginia Kentucky Resolutions

Answer 6

Madison writes for VA and Jefferson for Kentucky
opposed alien and sedition acts (J.Adams)
asserted nullification
advocated states rights
south believes they are at mercy of north

Question 7

Missouri Question

Answer 7

Northerners against adding Missouri to union as a slave state bc it would disrupt the balance

Question 8

Missouri Compromise

Answer 8

Henry Clay
passed under Monroe
Missouri enters as slave state
Maine enters as free state
36* line drawn 
sectionalism

Question 9

Nat Turner

Answer 9

slave preacher

believed he was chosen to free his people

Question 10

1831 Nat Turner’s Rebellion

Answer 10

80 AA’s killed 60 whites on plantations
captured by fed and state troops (Turner hid, eventually captured)
whites retaliated and killed 200 AA’s w/ no punishment
south passes laws-prohibits AA education and assemblies

Question 11

Nullification Crisis

Answer 11

Jackson vs Calhoun (SC)
SC nullifies “Tariff of Abomination” and threatens seceding
Jackson uses Force Bill (1833)

shows slaves are an economic issue

Question 12

Gold in California

Answer 12

1848

US wants CA

Question 13

1850 Compromise

Answer 13

1. CA becomes free state
2. Slave trade ends in DC
3. Rest of Mexican Cession divided into UT and NM (pop sovereignty)
4. Fugitive Slave Law

Question 14

Why was the 1850 Compromise not objected?

Answer 14

both sides got 2 favorable points

Question 15

Fugitive Slave Act

Answer 15

all must help catch runaway slaves

north infuriated

Question 16

After Clay and Webster die, who gains power?

Answer 16

Stephen Douglas, Illinois senator

Question 17

RR Proposal

Answer 17

rr would connect CA to rest of the nation

Southerners wanted New Orleans at end, while North favored Chicago

Question 18

Kansas Nebraska Act

Answer 18

1854
Douglas
divided Kansas and Nebraska
allowed pop sovereignty

Question 19

What did the Kansas Nebraska act violate?

Answer 19

Missouri Compromise (Kansas and Nebraska above line)

Question 20

Bleeding Kansas

Answer 20

result of K-N Act
northerners and southerners crossed borders and voted illegally
causes violence

Question 21

John Brown

Answer 21

abolitionist

leads Pottawatomie Massacre

Question 22

Pottawatomie Massacre

Answer 22

in Kansas 1856
John Brown and sons murder 5 proslavery men
triggered killings of 200 more people

Question 23

Charles Sumner

Answer 23

Mass senator
May 19 1856 delivers “Crime Against Kansas” to Senate
attacked proslavery supporters, esp Douglas and Andrew Butler (SC)
killed by nephew with a cane

Question 24

Harriet Beecher Stowe

Answer 24

“so this is the lady who started the civil war” -lincoln
writes “Uncle Tom’s Cabin”
sold a lot!

Question 25

“Know-Nothings”/American Party

Answer 25

nativist: favored native born Americans
anti catholic
anti immigrant

Question 26

Free soilers

Answer 26

opposed extension of slavery

Question 26

1856 Presidential Candidates

Answer 26

James Buchanan: Democrat <–Wins
John Fremont: rep
Millard Filmore: whig

Question 27

Dred Scott vs Sanford

Answer 27

1857

slave from missouri, went and lived in Wisconsin (free) for 4 yrs

Question 27

Dred Scott Surpreme Court Decision

Answer 27

backfires on Scott
abolitionists get slavery legal in any state

Dred Scott still slave
says Missouri Compromise is unconstitutional bc slaves are property

Question 28

Lincoln Douglas Debate

Answer 28

1858
Illinois
Douglas wins, Lincoln earns fame

Question 29

John Brown’s Raid on Harper Ferry

Answer 29

1859
seize federal arsenal in VA
wanted to gather slaves from N. VA (not many joined since they were fine as household slaves)
failure, Brown hung

Question 30

1860 Presidential Election

Answer 30

Lincoln: Rep s secession

Question 31

Republican Party Platform in 1860

Answer 31

south gets no benefits while almost every other political party does

Question 32

When did south secede?

Answer 32

1860 Lincoln’s victory

felt completely disregarded w/ no power in govt (Lincoln wasn’t even on the ballot but he still won)

Question 33

Fort Sumter

Answer 33

south attacked
lincoln wanted to avoid war so he told troops only to defend themselves, realized it didn’t work so he made them retreat
south: official start of war
lincoln: war didn’t start yet

Question 36

sectionalism

Answer 36

loyalty to a state rather than to the whole country

caused by Missouri Compromise (line)

Question 37

Why did both sides agree on Kansas-Nebraska Act?

Answer 37

assumes that Kansas will be slave and Nebraska will be free