civil war 2 Flashcards
When was the Grand remonstrance
Passed on 22nd November 1641
Published on the 1st December
What was the Grand Remonstrance
Pushed forward by John Pym whilst Charles was returning from Scotland
Listed all the faults of the king (religious at the top)
Publication - passed in the early hours of the morning to get rid of royalists + swords were drawn
Charles didn’t acknowledge the passing so it was published
When was the execution of Strafford
12th May 1641
What was the execution of Strafford
Watched by 100,000
Charles later described it as his biggest regret
The attempt to remove Strafford via the Lords looked to fail until the army plot
Marked the end of any possible compromise between king and crown
What was the Irish rebellion
Thomas Wentworth’s recall to England left a power vacuum in Ireland
Catholic noblemen wanted concessions like in Scotland
Inspired by Scotland and fearful of the growing Puritan influence in politics
Number of protestants killed range from 2,000 to 200,000
Claimed to have acted in the kings’ name, was exploited by Pym and radicalised the long parliament
Raised the question on who could be trusted with the army
When were the 19 Propositions
June 1642
What were the 19 Propositions
This would remove the king’s prerogative
He couldn’t raise an army or choose his ministers
This would effectively create a constitutional monarchy but was more just a justification for war
When was the failed arrest of the 5 members
3rd January 1642
What was the failed arrest of the 5 members
Charles entered the House of Commons, much to the amusement of MP’s with armed soldiers at the door
Undermined parliamentary privilege and gave credibility to rumours of a catholic plot
Members had already escaped, the king returned humiliated with a destroyed image (untrustworthy)
‘I see the birds have already flown’
When was the Army plot
3rd May 1641
What was the Army plot
Made rumours that Charles was going to unite with the English army and free Strafford plausible
Loyal soldiers sent to the TOL to free Strafford
The plot was exposed giving Charles scrutiny
Pym was quick to exploit this as evidence that it was a popish plot destined to overthrow the kingdom
When was Bedford’s bridging appointment scheme
February 1641
What was Bedford’s bridging appointment scheme
Many leaders of the Puritan opposition had been promoted into the king’s government, making it harder to argue that the king was surrounded by evil advisors
The appointments were intended to be accompanied by a financial settlement were Bedford would be appointed to Chancellor of the Exchequer
Bedford’s death in May put an end to the likelihood of success to the scheme
Bedford had been a mentor to Pym
When was the Root and Branch Bill
May 1641
What was the Root and Branch Bill
A proposal to replace bishops with church councils in each diocese appointed by Parliament
This would dismantle the structure of the Church of England and alter the composition of the Huse of Lords
Politically it would reduce the king’s power because bishops ensured loyal supporters in the Lords as he appoints them
When were the 10 Propositions
24th June 1641
What were the 10 Propositions
A list of suggestions brought forward by Pym on how a settlement might be made with the king
The key terms would have dramatically reduced the king’s prerogative powers
Give Parliament control over his Charles’ children’s education and appointed his ministers
Reluctantly accepted but until the Grand Remonstrance, many MP’s didn’t realise the significance of Pym’s position
Parliament attempted to establish committees to deal with each point but the 10 propositions never really went anywhere - quitely accepted by Charles and then shelved
Their significance is in their radical nature, not the outcome
when was the incident
1641
What was the incident
- Royalist plot to kidnap Presbyterian noble leaders in Scotland who opposed church reform.
- Montrose plots against Hamilton and Argyll, found out via Leslie, and so went into hiding.
- Charles can’t be trusted with the velocity and strength of the conspiracy’s.
when was the five member coup
1642
What was the five member coup
Charles scared that Queen impeachment possible and so wanted leaders Pym, Hampden, Strode, Haselrige and Holles (and Lord Mandeville).
- 3rd January he enters commons with 300 troops to arrest the MP’s.
- The MP’s in question had escaped the commons with prior knowledge and so it was a huge failure for Charles.
- Commons outraged by breach and the mob forces Charles to flee London on the 10th for safety. The MP’s swing to Pym and it made war between both parties likely. Country was divided on the issue and distance made negotiating more difficult as well.
- Henrietta and Constitutional-Royalist (Digby etc.) support had given Charles false confidence, inconsistent behaviour from Pym against the monarch had driven him to the situation.
when was The Militia Ordinance and the Commission of Array
1642
What was the militia ordinance and the commission of array
- Parliament release the Militia ordinance (only King could do this) and the King refused that they should chose Lieutenants etc. Country was now in defence by authority. Instead they then realised the more legally dubious Commission of Array.
- Both sides tried to get militias to fight on their sides. The King found it more difficult to get county militias on board. Trying to rally support and strength.
- Parliament had stronger military position, even though most the Gentry were split or remained neutral.
When was the nineteen propositions
1642
