Civil War Flashcards
Missouri Compromise definition
Sectionalism started to rise up and the Missouri Compromise helped to settle it down after conflicts from Missouri’s application for statehood
Kansas Nebraska Act definition
A plan to divide the remainder of the Louisiana purchase into 2 territories - Kansas and Nebraska - and allow people in each territory to decide on slavery
In the Kansas- Nebraska Act which one was slave which on was free state
Kansas was slave and Nebraska was free.
Who was Dred Scott and what was his case? What was the decision
He was a slave who lived in St. Louis Missouri under Dr. John Emerson. In the 1830s Emerson took Scott on tours in Illinois and Wisconsin Territory. AFter they returned Emerson died, so Scott argued he had t become free when he lived in free territory. The ruling was originally in his favor but then overturned by the Supreme Court and decided he was not a citizen, so he couldn’t go to court
Secession definition
To formally withdraw from the Union. Many Antebellum issues such as sectionalism, states’ rights, breakdown of compromises, the election of a President of a specific party led to this action by the Southern States.
Uncle Tom’s Cabin and Underground Railroad
UTC was an anti-slavery novel written by Harriet Beecher Stone to inform people on the evils of slavery. It spoke out against slavery and was published in 1852. 2 million copies sold. Made another one to address the criticism of her book - “A Key to Uncle Toms Cabin” It helped to convince people to help with underground railroad.
Jefferson Davis 1st Inaugural Address
He believed that justice must be met in order to keep the nation unified. The government should be overthrown if tyranny is shown. It was very direct in tone. Humans should have inalienable rights protected. GOVERNMENT SHOULD NOT HAVE TOO MUCH POWER
Lincoln 1st Inaugural address
He would not take away slavery from the Slave states and wanted to keep them happy and content together. He wanted to keep the peace and unite to prevent a war.
Union Advantages and Resources
- Superior Leadership of Abraham Lincoln
- Greater population
- Powerful military
- Industrial power
- More money
- More railroads
- More farmland which meant more cash crops
Dates of the Civil War
1861 - 1865
Missouri Compromise Conditions
1 - Missouri would enter the Union as a slave state
2 - Maine would enter the Union as a free state which kept balance
3 - Slavery would be prohibited in any new territory or state North of 36 30 latitude
When was Emancipation Proclamation issued and by who
January 1st, 1863 by Abraham Lincoln
Emancipation Proclamation definition
The Battle of Antietam gave Abraham Lincoln the courage to pass it. Itr only affected rebelling states. It changed the focus of the war. It granted freedom of slaves which made them follow Union for protection and South weakened due to loss of slaves.
Robert E. Lee
General of the Confederate Army. He captured John Brown at Harpers Ferry. He was originally asked by Abraham Lincoln to command the Union but he declined because did not want to fight against his home land, Virginia, so he fought for the confederate instead
Ulysses S. Grant
He was a Union Leader who had simple views on war. Some of tactics were total warfare, striking hard, take the war to your enemy from all sides and break their will to fight as well as their ability to support troops. He was very aggressive
Battle of Antietam winner and leaders
It was a UNION victory and Robert E Lee was in charge of the COnfederacy and George B. McClellan on the Union side
Battle of Antietam description and significance
It was the bloodiest signal day battle in U.S. History. It was an important Union victory because it stopped General Lee’s advance into northern territory. I gave Abraham Lincoln the confidence to issue the EMANCIPATION PROCLAMATION.
Who won at the Appomattox Courthouse and what was the significance and description
The Union won and it ended the Civil War - Robert Lee desperately needed food for his soldiers after their food supplies were ransacked, They were surrounded before they could get to their shipment and so they surrendered along with the entire Confederate army. This ended conflict between north and south despite not having a formal treaty to officially end the civil war
Who won the Battle of Vicksburg
The Union
Significance and description of the Battle of Vicksburg
After 47 days, on July 4th, the siege ended with with small conflicts happening every day throughout the city. It was a turning point and a Union victory. It was a major loss for the Confederacy, it split southern states in half and they lost the Mississippi River.
Who won at the Battle of Gettysburg
The Union Won
Battle of Gettysburg description and significance
It was the largest and bloodiest battle of the civil war. It was a turning point in the war.The confederacy retreated back to Virginia under command of Robert E. Lee
Who won at Fort Sumter
The Confederacy won
Fort Sumter significance and description
It was the 1st battle of the civil war, there were no deaths but damage to the land. Beauregarde awas later in charge of Confederate troops at Bull Run. Many believed the war was inevitable. It sparked the civil war.
What was the Gettysburg address
It was a motivational speech to win the war, end the war, and abolish slavery. It was delivered at the dedication of the cemetery at Gettysburg, November 19, 1863. It was delivered by Abraham Lincoln. He wanted to make sure that all of those people did not die for nothing and that the Union must stay strong
When was Lincoln’s Second Inaugural
It was on March 4th 1865
Lincoln’s Second Inaugural
He wanted to try to end the war and embrace in peace. He said that the main cause of the war was slavery. It is important to him to stop it and work hard to bring back the South
What President got Impeached
Andrew Johnson
Impeachment of President Andrew Johnson
He was impeached by Radical Republicans. They didn’t agree with his lenient plans and not holding South accountable and being very loose with the rules
Sharecropping
It was when a landowner provided land, tools, supplies, and the share croppers provided the labor. Many hoped to save enough money to but their own farm but not many got there. The majority of them were caught in a cycle of bad debt.
Freedmen’s Bureau
In 1865 Congress established the Freedmen’s Bureau agency which provided relief for freed people and certain poor people in the South. Oliver Howard used the budget to distribute food, education and legal help to freed people and African American war veterans. It established more schools in the South and gave slaves education for the first time. They Made Howard and Fisk universities
Carpetbaggers
North born republicans who had moved South after the war, supposedly they rushed there and they carried all of their possessions in a carpetbag. They were accused of trying to profit from reconstruction
Scalawags
White southern republicans seen as greedy scandals southern democrats. They thought these southerners betrayed the South by voting for the Republican Party
Fugitive Slave Law (Act)
It was made in 1850 and it made it a crime to help runaway slaves and allowed officials to arrest these slaves in free areas. Commissioners decided their fate. It made many slaves concerned and ti contributed to the anti-slavery vs. pro-slavery issue
Who are Radical Republicans
Very passionate republicans
Radical Reconstruction and Republicans
They wanted the federal government to force change in the South. They thought that Black Codes were cruel and unjust. They were Anti-Slavery supporters. They wanted the federal government more involved in reconstruction. The gained support from moderates when President Johnson ignored Black codes
13th Amendment
Made slavery illegal in the U.S. in 1865. 1st step toward equality
14th Amendment
It was made in 1866
- All people born or naturalized in the U.S. except Native Americans are citizens
- Guaranteed citizens protection under laws
- States could not deprive a person of “life, liberty or the pursuit of happiness” without due process of the law
- State laws subject to federal court review
- Gave congressmen power to pass laws that needed to be enforced
15th Amendment
It gave African Americans the right to vote in 1869, it was one of the last reconstruction laws passed on a federal level. It made women now want suffrage
Homestead Act
It offered 160 acres of public land to settlers who would build on it and farm for at least 5 years. Anyone who was 21 years old and a U.S. citizen could do it. It was a great thing for the country
Dawes Act
Federal Indian policy during a period from 1870 to 1900 marked departure from earlier policies that were dominated by removal. Indians needed to adopt the American way and leave behind their culture. It allowed the president to break up reservation land. It suppressed Indians greatly
