AP BIO UNIT 2

Question 1

Active transport

Answer 1

Movement against the concentration gradient

Question 2

Apoptosis

Answer 2

Programmed cell death

Question 3

Aquaporin (water channel)

Answer 3

Transports water across cells passively

Question 4

Carrier protein

Answer 4

Carry chemicals across the membrane in both directions, down and up the concentration gradient.

Question 5

Cell wall

Answer 5

It’s outside of cell membrane and it’s found in plant cells it provides the cell with structural support, shape, protection, and functions as a selective barrier.

Question 6

Centrioles

Answer 6

Helps cells divide, or make copies of themselves. Only in animal cells

Question 7

Channel protein

Answer 7

Allows the transport of specific substances across a cell membrane allows to only go down the concentration gradient

Question 8

Chloroplast

Answer 8

Help w/ photosynthesis. Chloroplasts contain the pigment chlorophyll to absorb light energy.

Question 9

Concentration gradient

Answer 9

Movement of particles from high to low

Question 10

Cytoplasm

Answer 10

Fluid that fills cells. Holds the internal components of cells in place and protects them from damage

Question 11

Cytoskeleton

Answer 11

The structure that maintains the shape and internal organization of the cell, and provides it mechanical support.

Question 12

Diffusion

Answer 12

Passive movement of molecules down the concentration gradient from areas of high concentration to low concentration.

Question 13

Endocytosis

Question 14

Endoplasmic reticulum

Question 15

Golgi apparatus

Question 16

Hypertonic

Answer 16

A hypertonic solution is one that has MORE solute in it than there is inside of the cell.

Question 17

Hypotonic

Answer 17

When the concentration of a solute is less on one side of a membrane than the other

Question 18

Isotonic

Question 19

Ligand

Question 20

Lysosome

Question 21

Membrane

Question 22

Mitochondrion

Question 23

Neuron

Question 24

Neurotransmitter

Question 25

Nuclear envelope

Question 26

Phospholipid

Question 27

Plasma membrane

Question 28

Prokaryotic cell

Question 29

Ribosome

Question 30

Rough ER

Question 31

Selectively permeable

Question 32

Smooth ER

Question 33

Exocytosis

Question 34

Eukaryotic cell

Question 35

Facilitated diffusion

Question 36

Flagella

Question 37

Fluid mosaic model

Question 38

Nucleus

Question 39

Organelles

Question 40

Osmosis

Question 41

Passive transport

Question 42

Phagocytosis

Question 43

Surface area:volume ratio

Question 44

Transmembrane protein

Question 45

Vacuole