Civil Rights in the USA Flashcards
when was the civil rights in the USA
19000 to 1980s
what does the KKK stand for and what were they
The Ku Klux Klan (KKK) was an organization that despised black people and rebelled against them with hate and violence
What were the Jim Crow laws and who was Jim Crow
The Jim Crow Laws were laws that enforced racial segregation in the Southern United States and Jim Crow is a fictional white character pretending to be black and is very stereotypical
how long did the Jim Crow Laws last
1877-1965
What did the Jim Crow Laws do to take away African American rights
The Jim Crow Laws were able to segregate in: marriage, entertainment (parks), hospitals, housing, voting, adoptions, restaurants and transportation
What were the KKK methods
lynching, attacks, banners, set fire to crosses, fear
What was the NAACP
The NAACP was the National Association of Advancement of Colored People
What was the CORE
Congress of Racial Equality
What did the NAACP and CORE do
They stepped up their campaigns and challenged that black people should not be segregated in schools. They challenged the whites using federal courts and campaigns
What were the whites able to study
medicine, law, pharmacy, social work, library science
What were the blacks able t study
law and library sciences
when was the trial of Brown VS Topeka
December 1952
Why was there this court case (Brown VS Topeka)
The NAACP was helping the Browns to fight against segregation in Topeka, Kansas. In 1951,Linda Brown, a 7 year old girl, would walk 1-mile everyday to go to her black elementary school, even though there was a white school closer. Her dad, a pastor, saw this morally wrong and went to the white school to enroll his daughter but they refused. He went to the NAACP so that they can help him and they did and they took the case to the supreme court.
what happened to the case
They ruled in Brown’s favor. Schools were illegal to b segregated in 1954
What was the Montgomery bus boycott
The Montgomery bus boycott in 1955 was started by Rosa Parks, who sat on a white seat in a bus and refused to get up. She was then arrested and taken to jail. After that, the boycott was extended and demanded that the company should seat all passengers on a first come basis. This went on for 381 days until the bus company gave in because they were losing lots of money.
who were the freedom riders
Freedom Riders were groups of white and African American civil rights activists who participated in Freedom Rides, bus trips through the American South in 1961 to protest segregated bus terminals.
What did the Freedom Riders do
in May 1961 200 black people rode the bus to Montgomery, Alabama to deliberately desegregate public transportation.
Who were the SNCC
Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee
How did the Freedom Riders end
it ended with a lot of violence with 200 protestors thrown in jail for 40 days. The SNCC repeated the ‘Freedom Riders’ campaign but this time they had protection as John F. Kennedy ordered for the mayor to do so
What were the lunch sit-ins
They were a campaign started by the SNCC in 1960 North Carolina to desegregate restaurants .
How did the sit-ins happen
First day, 4 black people decided to sit on white people seats as the white people had seats to eat and the black had to stand and eat. After that more and more black people came to diners until in the end of 1960 121 cities had been desegregated. The protests continued in restaurants, libraries and churches.
Who were the Black Panther party
they were an organization that protected themselves against the police using weapons. They wanted freedom, decent housing, hey wanted their rights back just like the Jews got from the Germans, end to police brutality, education, freedom for black men that didn’t have a fair trial and also to be judged by the black community
Who was MLK
MLK was the leader of the year long boycott. He became the face of civil rights movement. He was influenced by Gandhi who believed in non-violence. MLK believed in fairness, forgiveness. MLK organized demonstrations of which in 1963, chief Conner came with fire hoses, electrical wire, and dogs. They arrested 3,000 people including King.
What did Martin Luther king organize
In August 1963 he organized a March in Washington D.C 250,000 demonstration were there, including 60,000 whites. This forced Kennedy to take action. In that march, MLK delivered the ‘I have a dream’ speech.
