Civil Rights

Question 1

When was the emancipation proclamation created

Answer 1

September 22 1862

Question 2

What was the emancipation proclamation

Answer 2

A proclamation that said that any slaves living in rebelling states (confederacy) shall be freed and that no authority can repress such people or take away their freedom.

Question 3

What are the aspects of Jim Crow

Answer 3

Ripped and ragged clothes which symbolise the fact that he is poor. Dancing which suggests that he is silly and unintelligent. He is surrounded by animals which suggest that he is also an animal. The worst part is that he is smiling and this suggests that he is happy and encourages segregation

Question 4

Define segregation

Answer 4

The action or state of setting someone or something apart form others

Question 5

Why did ex-slaves lives not get much better after the proclamation

Answer 5

They did not have anywhere to go so they just stayed willingly at the plantations they worked at. The only differences were that they could leave and that the plantation owners wouldn’t lose money if they killed the slaves so they were more likely to die

Question 6

How many black people were living in the south in 1900

Answer 6

90%

Question 7

What were the Jim Crow laws

Answer 7

Laws that enforced segregation in the southern states

Question 8

What was the 14th amendment and when was it implemented

Answer 8

1868 after the civil war and it was designed to protect the rights of slaves in the reunified USA. It claimed that all men are created equal and that all men have certain unalienable rights, life, liberty and happiness. Everyone was also deemed to have equal protection of the law

Question 9

Why were the Jim Crow laws allowed under the 14th amendment

Answer 9

They were justified by seperate but equal

Question 10

By who and when would the idea of seperate but equal be challenged

Answer 10

In Topeka, Kansas, 1954, Oliver Brown challenged at the Supreme Court after his 8 year old daughter was denied entry to her local school because she was black

Question 11

How does the US legal system work

Answer 11

The House of Representatives approves a law and then the senate(legislative) and then the president can veto any law(executive). The Supreme Court (judicial) can argue Wether a law goes against the constitution

Question 12

What is the NAACP

Answer 12

The National Association for the Advancement of Coloured People. A group founded in 1909 which raised awareness for civil rights abuses and helped to eliminate discrimination

Question 13

What did NAACP argue in Supreme Court in the Brown vs Board of Education in 1954

Answer 13

That ‘seperate but equal’ created low self esteem and was physiologically harmful as it made black students feel inferior to white students and less deserving

Question 14

When was seperate but equal finally eliminated

Answer 14

The 17th of may 1954

Question 15

How and why was Martin Luther King punished for leading a boycott

Answer 15

He was charged for obstructing the work life of bus drivers and was charged $500 or 386 days of hard labour

Question 16

Where was Little Rock high school

Answer 16

Arkansas

Question 17

Who led the Little Rock 9, when was it and what happened

Answer 17

Elizabeth eckford led 9 students into the school on the 3rd of September 1957. Governor Orval Faubus ordered the state national guard to guard the entrance and “keep the peace.” Pres. Eisenhower sent 1000 troops to protect the black students.

Question 18

What did Faubus do a year later

Answer 18

He closed the school and held a vote on wether to integrate or not. They were voted against and the school remained closed until august of 1959

Question 19

Why were peaceful protests becoming more popular

Answer 19

Young people were getting more and more fed up with the slow progress of the movement but they still followed martins policy of non-violence. They wanted their struggle to be seen on a national scale

Question 20

What was the first form of peaceful protest

Answer 20

Sit ins

Question 21

How many sit in participants were there to begin with and what did that number grow to

Answer 21

4 —> 50,000

Question 22

What was the second form of peaceful protest

Answer 22

Freedom rides

Question 23

Why was the Birmingham location so important for the civil rights movement

Answer 23

It was a KKK stronghold and King described it as America’s most racist city.

Question 24

When was the Birmingham march held

Answer 24

In April of 1963

Question 25

Who punished the demonstrators and how

Answer 25

Bull Connor, an Alabaman politician, set police dogs on the black people and allowed firemen to spray them with fire hoses

Question 26

When was a settlement reached by one of Kennedy’s advisors

Answer 26

On the 9th of may 1963 they decided that desegregation would take place in 90 days.

Question 27

When was the Washington march

Answer 27

The 28th of august 1963

Question 28

How many Americans were present at the Washington march

Answer 28

250,000

Question 29

What was the purpose of the Washington march

Answer 29

To show support for Kennedy’s civil rights bill and gain mass exposure to the wants of the civil rights movement.

Question 30

What was the civil rights act of 1964

Answer 30

A legislation which prohibited segregation in public places and banned employment discrimination on the basis of sex, race, colour, or religion

Question 31

Why was the civil rights act finally passed

Answer 31

Many politicians showed sympathy for the bill following the death of JFK. Lyndon B Johnson wanted to be elected president and wanted to secure the black vote.

Question 32

What was the voting rights act of 1965

Answer 32

A bill that banned the usage of literacy tests and enabled federal oversight of voter registration areas where less than 50% of the non-white population were registered to vote

Question 33

What was the 15th amendment

Answer 33

An amendment that allowed all Americans the right to vote

Question 34

When did the unfair restrictions on voting start to pop up

Answer 34

In 1870.

Question 35

Who was Malcolm X

Answer 35

A black American who was getting fed up with King’s methods of peaceful protesting and how long it was taking.

Question 36

What was Malcolm x trying to do

Answer 36

He was promoting a concept called separatism to the youth who were growing more and more impatient with the speed of change. Separatism wanted a seperate black nation and felt violence was justified if it were to secure this.

Question 37

What changed in Malcolm after Mecca

Answer 37

He changed his views and ditched separatism to set up an organisation to promote closer ties between Africans and African-Americans. He believed that Islam could unite the nations and make everyone equal.

Question 38

When did Malcolm die

Answer 38

February 1965

Question 39

What is Malcolm credited to

Answer 39

Being the man that raised the self-esteem of black Americans more than any other individual in the civil rights movement.

Question 40

What was black power

Answer 40

A phrase that meant power to black people. This phrase would become an anti white phrase later on.

Question 41

Why did the NAACP condemn black power

Answer 41

It was seen as a menace to peace and prosperity and it went against civil rights and integration.

Question 42

What happened as a result of the civil rights movement

Answer 42

Black unemployment rates dropped significantly, more and more black people were becoming officials. The amount of black people living in poverty also dropped.