civics: sectionalism

Question 0

issues with creating a national government

Answer 0

states very different
major difference between north and south
slavery big issue
north thought slavery morally wrong
south thought north was attacking its way of life

Question 1

Sectionalism

Answer 1

devotion to the interests of a region/ state over everything else
opposite of nationalism
esp southern states during 1800’s

Question 2

nationalism

Answer 2

all americans rooting for same thing, nation over everything else

Question 3

Southern opinion on slavery

Answer 3

agrarian society
slavery was way of life
even thought it was good for slaves, taught discipline
felt personally threatened by abolitionists desire to end slavery

Question 4

northern opinion on slavery

Answer 4

more industrialized

Question 5

Northwest ordinance

Answer 5

1787
during confederation
stated that there would not be any slavery allowed in new territory

Question 6

Us Constitution

Answer 6

nothing specific said dealing with slavery
means it was left to the states
compromise so constitution would be ratified

Question 7

fugitive slave clause

Answer 7

article 4 section 2 clause 3
article 4 describes federalism, state-state connection
if slave escapes to another state you have to return them to owner, if caught

Question 8

5th amendment

Answer 8

1789
protects people’s right to personal property
southerners thought slaves were there property- able to do whatever they want with property

Question 9

Dred Scott vs. sanford

Answer 9

1857
Supreme Court case
Chief Justice roger taney said slaves so far beneath whites could never be citizens of US
no right to sue for freedom, like dred scott did
gave constitutional proof that slaves are property
angered many abolitionalists

Question 10

issues with balance

Answer 10

Senate= equal rep
same amount of free states as slave states, equal rep
20 million in north, 8 million in south

Question 11

anti-slavery congressman

Answer 11

tried to limit slavery in new territory
illegal for slavery to exist in territory from mexico
passed in house, not in senate

Question 12

Missouri Compromise

Answer 12

1820
Missouri asked for statehood as slave state
throw off balance in senate
compromise= missouri would enter as a slave state, and northern mass would become maine, a free state
a line also drawn 36 30 sw corner of Missouri
north was free state
south slave state

Question 13

why did people flock to california?

Answer 13

gold was found

California was large, north and south of Missouri compromise line

Question 14

three giants of senate

Answer 14

Henry Clay- west
daniel webster- north
john c. calhoun- south

Question 15

clay’s suggestion

Answer 15

us should reach an agreement regarding slavery
californias should be free state
stricter fugitive slave laws to protect south interests
utah and New Mexico decided upon popular sovereignty

Question 16

werbster’s opinion on clay’s idea

Answer 16

no reason people should reject
california wont need slaves
different crops 
New Mexico and utah are the same
they will vote anti-slavery
slavery wont spread but it will pacify the south

Question 17

calhoun’s opinion

Answer 17

did not do enough to protect South’s interests

if north would not give into South’s demands the union will separate in peace

Question 18

resolution

Answer 18

fight lasted many months
pro-slavery president Taylor and Calhoun died
door open for seperate compromise

Question 19

compromise of 1850

Answer 19

passed as series of resolutions
not one bill
Stephen Douglas of Illinois worked hard to get it passed
california admitted as a free state, popular sovereignty enacted in utah and New Mexico
slavery not changed in DC save trade ended there
new fugitive slave act created

Question 20

fugitive slave Act

Answer 20

federal law that required private citizens to returning runaway saves to owners
what about free african americans?how do you prove youre free?
many kidnapped and forced into slavery

Question 21

northern response to fugitive slave act

Answer 21

any northerners refused to help
Underground Railroad helped runaway slaves out of south
sometimes thousands of miles into canada
personal liberty laws were passed
allowed local authorities to arrest slave catchers
sectionalism much?

Question 22

Nebraska government

Answer 22

1854 wants to form a government, join the union
Kansa-Nebraska act
divided into two territories that would be slave/ free based on popular sovereignty
assumed Nebraska= slave and Kansa= free
some people went to Kansa to farm, others for political reasons
north\/ south pushed migration

Question 23

rival governments in Kansas

Answer 23

anti-slavery in Topeka
pro-slavery inn Lecompton, close to border
violence in both sides
Kansas finally admitted as free state in 1861, after civil war began

Question 24

senator sumner (ma) vs. rep brooks (sc)

Answer 24

sumner insulted slavery and sen. butler (sc)
Butler’s nephew rep brooks attacked sumner w/ a cane
sumner couldn’t return to senate for 3 years
constituency re-elected him as protest
congress threw brooks out
constituency re-elected him as protest against north tyranny

Question 25

John Brown’s raid

Answer 25

fierce abolitionist
not afraid to use violence
thought he was an angel sent by god to rid country of slavery
fall of 1859
he and 21 followers attacked federal arsenal at Harper Ferry, va
hoped to inspire slave revolt
failed
captured and sentenced to death
became a willing martyr of the cause

Question 26

election of 1860

Answer 26

new political party- republican
anti slavery noinated Abraham Lincoln
country split into political segments based on population
more people in northern states
lincoln elected even though he didn’t win any south states
south horrified someone could win election with no southern states
thought north wasn’t going to look out for southern interests

Question 27

South Carolina secedes

Answer 27

south in disbelief
South Carolina called a meeting of state legislature and December 20, 1860 left
by february 1861 six other states left and created the confederate states of america
jefferson davis named president
constitution drafted
very similar to US constitution, more state rights and protection of slavery

Question 28

lincolns challenge

Answer 28

first goal to preserve union

second to get rid of slvery, less important

Question 29

fort sumter, sc

Answer 29

only four forts left in the hands of the union
fort Sumter in Charlestown, sc was one
running out of supplies
lincoln wanted to resupply
southern forces didnt trust him and attacked fort
eventually union surrendered
considered act of war
lincoln requested 75,000 volunteer troops

Question 30

Us Civil war

Answer 30

1861-1865
620,00 lives lost
2% of population

Question 31

civil war amendments

Answer 31

13 (1865) no more slavery anywhere in us
14 (1868) all people bornm or naturalized in state are citizens of that state and us
former slaves are now people and citizens
15 (1870) suffrage rights for african american men

Question 32

southern resisttence

Answer 32

d not enforce federal and constitutional law
specifically suffrage
north also ignored federal laws
eventually created laws restricting african american rights
after plessy vs. ferguson (1896) southern states passed different laws
segregated

Question 33

obstacle to vote

Answer 33

road blocks : poll tax, gerrymandering, literacy tests, grandfather clause
people denied right to vote almost 100 years after civil war
eventually 1950-60 malcolm X, martin luther king jr, rosa parks

Question 34

poll tax

Answer 34

tax to vote, inappropriate, blocked african americans

Question 35

gerrymandering

Answer 35

redrawing district lines to hurt effectiveness of a group’s vote

Question 36

literacy tests

Answer 36

only given to blacks always failed

Question 37

grandfather clause

Answer 37

to vote your grandfather must be able to vote

Question 38

expansion of voting rights in us

Answer 38

first it was 21+ landowning whit men
15 (1870) african american men
19 (1920) added women
snyder act of 1924 made native americans citizens
26 (1971) added people over 18

Question 39

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Answer 39

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