civics! Flashcards
who is a immigrant?
a person who moves permantly to a new country
How do immigrants help create more diversity in the united states?
new clothes, new food, new beliefs and new tradtions
Two reasons why people come to the united states
better job or to seek refuge
Accoriding to the 14 ammendment what is a citizen?
all people born or naturalized in the united states
rules for Law of soil
*be born in the US
*born in Us territory
*Born on a US military base
Rules for law of blood
If you are born with at least one parent that is a citizen
What is naturalization?
the process of becoming a citizen
What are the 5 qualifications of going through the naturalization process
*have to be 18 or older
*good moral character
*must of lived in the country for 5 or more years
*pay a fee
*take a oath and a test on American civics
What do they promise to give up in the oath?
allegiance (loyalty) to another country
What do they promise to do?
follow laws, give their loyalty to this country, and fight for this country
how can you lose citizenship?
*being convicted of a crime
*denaturalization (lieing on the test)
*expatriation(giving up their alliegance to america and to another country usalully voununtary)
Who is a alien
people who have not been naturalized but plan to stay in the country
what can JUST citizens do and what can aliens and citizens BOTH do?
only citizens can serve on jury duty and run for office but they both pay taxes and have jobs
Who is a refugee?
someone escaping their country because of danger or natural disaters
What problems to illegal aliens face when they come to the united states?
not protected by the law and dont get much money
what is the difference of civic obligation and civic responsibilites
Obligations are something you have to do and responsibilites are something you should do for the common good
What is the common good?
Something you do for others not just yourself also known as the public good
what are our obligations?
*paying taxes
*obeying laws
*Jury duty
*selective service
* Attending school
what are our responsibilites?
*voting
*running for office
*petitioning government
*attending civic meetings
*community service
what are some ways we can help the common good?
*by doing service work
*recyciling
*donating
*picking trash of the side of the road and other little things in our communties
What is a Autocracy?
government is ruled by one person
What is a theocracy?
government that is ruled by God or a divine
what is a Democracy?
Citizens hold the power
What is a oligarchy?
Small groups of people have the power
what it a Anarchy?
No one has the power its complete chaos!
what was the mayflower compact?
a social contract agreement made among the pilgrim it created a direct democracy a government everyone agreed about
What is self government?
where people govern themselves rather then the kings or nobles
Consent of the govern means?
permission of the people this can be shown when voting and other protests
Why were they being taxed from the Bristish so much in the first place?
The British were in debt from the French-Indian war and they were upset that the colonists had grievences (complaints) against him
what are 5 acts that were passed in punishment from the Boston tea party?
stamp act, sugar act, tea act, townshed act, and quartering act (these were all called coercieve acts)
What are the three important limits that the magna carta had?
*rule of law
*due process of the law
*parlament
what is rule of law?
no one no matter what is above the law
what is parlament?
has the power to “cancel” out laws made by the king
what is due process of the law?
everyone has the righhs to fiar and equal laws and trials
What was the enlightenment?
it was a period of time were people were coming up with new ideas
Who were the 2 enlightenment thinkers?
*Baron de Montesquieu
*John Locke
what were Baron de Montesquieus ideas?
*separation of power: 3 branches of government
*checks and balances: the ability for each branch to be able to check others and make sure no one had to much power they also balance it out if they do
What was Common Sense?
It was a pamphelt about why we should spilt from Britain written by Thomas Paine who made it easy and simple for everyone to read
What are the 3 parts of the declaration of Independance?
*preamble
*Ideal
*Resouloution
What is preamble?
first part of the DOI A intro and it explains what the documents purpose is
what is ideal?
second part of the DoI it explains the rights, ideas, and concepts that we want
What is the resouloution?
Its the final part of the DOI and it was a wrap up of everything and basically just us “breaking up with” Briatain
What was the articales of confrederation?
the first constitution of the united states
What are 3 things the AOC did right or well?
*won the war
*Made the Northwest Ordinance and the Ordinance of 1785 to divide, sell, and organize the land of the Northwest Territory and give rules for how to eventually become a state
* Treaty of Paris with Britain to end the Revolutionary War and gain land back from France in the Northwest Territory
What are the weaknesses of the AOC?
*congress had no power (the goverenment had no money)
* congress had no power to regulate trade ( hurt US credit and local bussiness
* had no court system
*congress had no power to enfore laws
*it was really hard to pass laws because 13 states had to agree
What was shays rebellion about?
it was a rebellion with tons of angry farmers who were being taxed so high they could not pay so they got put in jail
draw a diaphram of how a confrederal goverenment works
state government~state government~ state government
*strong state governments run their own states and dont have to listen to:
NATIONAL GOVERNMENT
weak central government makes laws that no states have to listen to because this national government has no power to enforce laws
Draw a diaphram to show how federal government works
FEDERAL GOVERNMENT
*federal government (strong government) gives laws to, unites, and keeps order over:
state government~state government~state government
{states government (still strong) are in charge of their states}…
but now they have to follow federal laws
what kind of government did the anti federalists believe in?
confederal
What kind of government did the federalists believe in?
federal
what does ratify mean?
to sign or approve
what is propaganda?
information usually biased (one sided) to promote a point of view
what did the federalist use to spread their propaganda?
federalists papers
what did the anti federalists use to spread their propaganda?
anti federalist papers
what are some reasons the federalist used to support the ratification of the constitution?
- AOC is to weak (cant enforce laws)
*without the power to tax, out government has no money to pay all of the soilders or debt
*with all of the states doing as they pleased they werent truly unified
What are antil federalists
wanted to KEEP (but fix) the articales of confederation
what are federalists?
wanted to MAKE A WHOLE NEW constituiton (start over)
what are some reasons the anti federalists used to be against the ratification of the constitution?
*they did not want the government to have to much power
*theres no bill of rights to guarantee peoples freedoms in the new constitution
* we havent given this government enough time (a fair chance) its been a little over a decade
What did the federalist have to promise to add to the constitution to get the anti federalists to sign it?
a bill of rights
Why did the anti federalists want a bill of rights so much?
to guarntee that people rights were protected by the government
what are the 6 goals of the US government?
- to form a more perfect union
- to establish justice
- to ensure domestic tranquilety
*to provide for the common defense
*to promote the general welfare
*to secure the blessings of liberty
describe the following 3 goals
1. to form amore perfect union
2. to establish justice
3. to ensure domestic tranquility
- wants states to be more unified
- make laws and set up courts that are fair to everyone
- to keep peace in the country
describe the following 3 goals
4. to provide for the common defense
5. to promote general welfare
6. to secure the blessings of liberty
- make sure the country is safe from attack
- to make sure everyone is happy and healthy
- to make sure that future citizens remain free and that everyone has freedom and rights
