Citizenship and Equal Justice Flashcards
_________ is a person who lives in a country in which he is not a citizen of.
alien
__________ is a person who comes to a new country planning to live there permanently.
immigrant*
The US classifies aliens into 5 categories:
- Resident aliens-established a permanent residence*
- nonresident alien-comes from a short period of time*
- enemy alien-citizen of a nation under war with us
- refugees-fleeing from a crisis
- illegal alien-intruder without a legal permanent**
all aliens are required to notify the________________ when they change their residence
US Citizenship and Immigration
1982- supreme court ruled that texas* could net deny_______ to any children of aliens
education
__________ gives congress the power to control immigration policy
constitution
congress passed the __________ which restricted the admission of Chinese laborers-first law that restricted citizenship based on nationality
chinese exclusion act
____________ known as the Johnson Act lowered the number of immigrants into the US to 165000 a year - favored people from europe
Immigration act of 1924
the _________ gave countries like england and ireland high quotas
national origins system
_____________ law provided a way for illegal immigrants to become permanent resident and citizen, as well as punishment for people who hire illegal immigrants
immigration reform and control act of 1986
__________ is a general pardon the government offers to illegal aliens
amnesty
by 1990, ______ of immigrants to the US were coming from asia and latin america
85%
____________ established a limit on immigrants from any country to no more than 7% of annual visas, it also encouraged immigration of workers with extraordinary abilities
immigration act of 1990
immigrants fall into what 3 groups:
refugees, relatives to US citizens, those who admitted through laws of congress
________ is one that applies to a particular person
private law
___________ is the legal process by which a person is granted rights and privileges of a citizen
naturalization
what court case challenged the basis of state citizenship?
Dred Scott v Sandford in 1857
Douglas hoped the court’s decision would cause a “___________” that would over throw the slave system
chain of events
the ___________ to the constitution overruled the Dred Scott decision
14th amendment
3 sources of US citizenship
birth on american soil
naturalization
born of a parent who is a US citizen
Jus soil means:
law of the soil
__________ grants citizenship to all people who are born in american territories
jus soil
jus sanguinis mans:
law of the blood
the major exception is that a naturalized citizen is not eligible to serve as __________ of the US
President or Vice President
Immigrants who want to become citizens must meet 5 requirements
enter the US legally must have good morals must support the principal of american govt must read write speak english must know US history who ever is over 50 is exempt
people who can be denied citizenship:
draft evaders, military deserters, polygamists, anarchists, communists, or followers of another totalitarian system
a person requesting citizenship must be ______ yrs old, have lived in the US lawfully as a resident alien for _____ months of the previous 5 yrs. Must have lived in the state where petition is filed for ____ months, if married you only need __ years of residency
18, 30, 3, 3
________________ is a process by which a whole group of people living in a geographical area become US citizens through congress
collective naturalization
what 5 times has the US used collective naturalization?*
1803-louisiana purchase 1819-florida 1845-texas 1900-hawaii 1917-puerto rico
the ______________ can grant citizenship and take it away
federal government
americans can lose citizenship in any of the 3 ways:
through expatriation
being convicted of certain crimes
through denaturalization
the easiest way to lose citizenship is through ________ or giving up one’s citizenship by leaving one’s native country to live in a other country
expatriation
___________ should be voluntary or involuntary
expatriation
lose of citizenship through fraud is___________, could also occur if someone joins a communist organization less than 5 years after becoming a citizen
denaturalization
the most common way a person participates in political life is _________
voting
__________ is an important way to express faith in one’s political system
voting
