Citizenship Flashcards
Book- citizenship and social class, 1950
T H. Marshall.
Where is terrace of citizenship?
- Liberal Theory/unlinear/evolutionary theory of citizenship.
- Libertarian theory of citizenship.
- Marxist theory of citizenship.
- Communitarian theory of citizenship.
- Pluralist theory of citizenship.
Chief exponent of liberal theory of citizenship
T H. Marshall.
What is liberal theory of citizenship?
According to the story, civil rights constitute the foundation of citizenship. These rights reached their logical conclusion through an evolutionary process in which political and social rights come into existence. Marshall observed that citizenship prescribes equal rights and duties, liberties and constraints powers and responsibilities for different individuals . Under citizenship the individual come together to decide the terms of their association. 
Who is the chief exponent of libertarian theory of citizenship?
Robert Nozick
Book- Anarchy, state and utopia.
Explain the libertarian theory of citizenship
Nozick observe their individual’s resort to private activity, market exchange, and voluntary association in order to realise your values, beliefs and preferences. The need of citizenship arises because some of the necessary goods and services cannot be obtained in this manner. For this public provision becomes necessary. In this sense citizen means a rational consumers of public goods.Nozick lichens the state to a large enterprise and citizens as its consumers and clients. Men hire protective institutions for the protection of the right to property., state proved to be the most effective among all protective institutions.
Cheap proponents of communitarian theory of sovereignty
Hannah Arendt (the human condition, 1958)
Micheal walzer (spheres of justice,1983)
Benjamin barber (strong democracy,1984)
Explain the communitarian theory of sovereignty
These cheery insist on a strong born of affinity between individual and the State. These conception of citizenship , conceives the citizen, as someone who plays an active role in shaping the future direction of his or her society through political debate and decision making. In other words, the distinctive feature of citizenship is citizen participation. 
Other name of communitarian Theory
Republican theory
Explain the Marxist theory of citizenship
Marxist theory sees citizenship as a product of class conflict. According to this view, citizenship is founded on those rights which a class happens to win for itself after suppressing the rights of its antagonists class .
Chief exponent of marxist theory of citizenship
Anthony Giddens
Book - a contemporary critique of historical materialism, 1981
Profiles and critics of social theory, 1982
Defined pluralist theory of citizenship
Pluralist theory of citizenship treats the development of citizenship as a complex and multi dimensional process. Accordingly, it cannot be attributed to a single cause. In order to understand it, we must pay attention to the role of diverse factors that are responsible for its development. Pluralist theory insist on enquiring into all types of discrimination against people, whether on grounds of gender, race, religion, property, education, occupation, or age. In this contemporary world, so many social movements have been launched against different types of social discrimination. This includes feminist movement,Black movement etc . Pluralist theory recommends that the problem of citizenship should be analyse in the context of all these movements.
