circulatory system - regulation of blood flow

Question 1

cardiac output

Answer 1

• the amount of blood pumped through the heart per minute
• avg. adult = 70 BPM

Question 2

stroke volume

Answer 2

• the quantity of blood pumped through the heart per beat
• avg. adult = 70 mL/beat

Question 3

sphygmomanometer

Answer 3

• a device used to measure blood pressure

Question 4

systolic blood pressure

Answer 4

• the top number in a blood pressure reading, referring to the pressure in arteries while contracting
• normal = 120 mmHg

Question 5

diastolic blood pressure

Answer 5

• the bottom number in a blood pressure reading, referring to the pressure in arteries while relaxing
• normal = 80 mmHg

Question 6

2 factors that affect blood pressure

Answer 6

1. Cardiac output: an increase in cardiac output = increase in blood pressure; relating to how much blood is being pumped/min
2. Arteriole resistance: Diameter of arterioles which is affected by smooth muscles/build up of deposits in the vessels

Question 7

hypertension

Answer 7

• an abnormally high pressure caused by an increased resistance in blood flow (>190 mmHg)