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Biology (1st Year) > Circulatory System/ Gas Exchange > Flashcards

Circulatory System/ Gas Exchange Flashcards

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0
Q

Open system

A

Pushes hemolymph around the body (low pressure because nothing contains the fluid)

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1
Q

Circulatory system

A

Transports materials throughout the body by vessels controlled by muscles

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2
Q

Closed system

A

Entire system is connected (high blood pressure because blood is contained in vessels)

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3
Q

3 vessels

A

Arteries

Capillaries

Veins

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4
Q

Single circulation

A

One loop

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5
Q

Double circulation

A

Two loops - pumps blood twice (moves faster/more efficiently)

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6
Q

Reptile heart

A

2 atrium, 1 ventricle (almost divides)

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7
Q

Amphibian heart

A

2 atrium, 1 ventricle

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8
Q

Mammal/bird heart

A

2 atrium, 2 ventricle

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9
Q

Right ventricle

A

Pumps blood to lungs (to pulmonary artery)

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10
Q

Pulmonary artery

A

Pumps oxygen poor blood to lungs

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11
Q

Pulmonary vein

A

Pumps oxygen rich blood to heart (left atrium)

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12
Q

Left atrium

A

Pumps blood to systemic circuit (aorta)

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13
Q

Aorta

A

Main artery that leaves the heart to the rest if the body

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14
Q

Countercurrent exchange

A

Exchanges gas in the water (blood flows against water flow)

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15
Q

Process of breathing in animals with lungs

A

In through mouth or nose

Moistened

Brought through pharynx

Open epiglottis

Past larynx

Into trachea

Into lungs

Splits into two bronchi

Separates into bronchioles

Alveoli

16
Q

Function of cilia in the lungs

A

Push mucus, particles, liquid, etc. past epiglottis to be digested or coughed out

17
Q

Positive pressure breathing

A

Occurs in amphibians

Sucks air info mouth and forces air into lungs -> lungs expand and contract to force air back out

18
Q

Negative pressure breathing

A

Occurs in mammals

Let’s air come into lungs

Inhale: diaphragm contracts and ribs expand to create a vacuum

Exhale: diaphragm relaxes and ribs go back to let air back out

19
Q

Larynx

A

Voice box

Produces sounds

20
Q

Trachea

A

Windpipe

Where inhaled air passes toward the lungs

Biology (1st Year) (7 decks)

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