Circulatory system Flashcards
What percentage of cardiac output do the kidneys receive at rest?
25%
From where do the renal arteries arise?
Abdominal aorta
What vertebral level does the abdominal aorta run to/from?
T12 to L4
What is unique about the course of the right renal artery?
Runs behind IVC, longer than left renal artery due to position of great vessels
Outline the course of renal blood flow into and out of the kidneys…
Renal artery, segmental artery, interlobar artery, arcuate artery, interlobular artery, afferent arteriole, glomerulus (site of filtration), efferent arterioles, peritubular capilaries/vasa recta, interlobular vein, arcuate vein, renal vein, IVC
What percentage of cardiac output is delivered to the brain when resting?
1/6th
What are the two main arteries that supply the brain?
Internal carotid
Vertebral
What is an alternative name for the circle of Willis?
Cerebral arterial circle
At what vertebral level does the common carotid bifurcate into the internal and external carotid? (ICA and ECA)
C4
What structures are supplied by the external carotid artery?
Face and jaw
Through what foramen does the ICA pass en route to the cranial cavity?
Carotid canal
What are the 4 branches of the ICA?
Ophthalmic artery
Posterior communicating artery
Middle cerebral artery
Anterior cerebral artery
Where does the vertebral artery arise?
Subclavian- medial to anterior scalene muscle
Describe the path of the vertebral artery before it reaches the cranial cavity…
Runs through foramina in transverse processes of cervical vertebral called ‘foramen transversarium’
Whats the name of the hole in which the vertebral artery passes before it reaches the cranial cavity?
Foramen magnum
What are the 3 branches of the vertebral artery (before anastomosis)
Meningeal branch
Anterior and posterior spinal arteries
Posterior inferior cerebral artery
The left and right vertebral artery anastomose to form what?
Basilar artery
The left and right posterior cerebral arteries are formed by a bifurcation of which artery?
Basilar artery
The anterior communicating artery links which to structures?
Left and right anterior cerebral arteries
What brain structures are supplied by the basilar artery?
Pons
What brain structures are supplied by the anterior cerebral artery?
Medial surfaces of cerebral hemispheres (except occipital lobe)
What brain structures are supplied by the middle cerebral artery?
Lateral surfaces of cerebral hemispheres (expect occipital lobe)
What brain structures are supplied by the posterior cerebral artery?
Inferior surface of brain and occipital lobe
What brain structures are supplied by the posterior inferior cerebellar artery?
posterior inferior cerebellum
