Circulatory System Flashcards
Why can enzymes be described as a biological catalyst?
Because they are naturally produced by the body, and they help speed up reactions.
Why do enzymes only usually catalyze one reaction?
Lock and Key theory shows that the active site of an enzyme is tailored to deal with one specific molecule, rather than many
What does it mean when an enzyme becomes ‘denatured’?
It means that the active site is reshaped, making it so the enzyme can no longer break down the molecule it was made for.
Describe how you could investigate the effect of pH on amylase activity.
Put drops of iodine in every well of a spotting tile, and heat water up to 35 degrees, checking the temp. with a thermometer. Add 1cm of amylase solution and buffer solution to a boiling tube, and leave to rest for 5 minutes. Then add 5cm of starch solution to the tube, and immediately mix the contents. Continuously sample the mixture, and record how long it takes for the amylase to break down the starch. Repeat the experiment for accuracy.
List three places that amylase in made in the human body.
1 - Salivary Glands, 2 - The pancreas, 3 - The small intestine
What is the role of lipases?
Lipase breaks down fatty acids and glycerol
Where is bile stored?
The gall bladder
Name the solution you would use to test for the presence of lipids in a food sample.
Sudan III
Name the tubes that split off the trachea
Bronchus
Explain the role the alveoli plays in gas exchange
The alveoli is where gas exchange takes place.
Explain why the circulatory system in humans is called the double circulatory system.
Because both the heart and the lungs play important parts in the circulatory system - the heart pumps oxygenated blood around the body, and the lungs get rid of carbon dioxide, and take in oxygen
Why does the heart have valves?
To prevent backflow
Name the four chambers of the heart
Right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium, left ventricle.
How is the resting heart rate controlled in a healthy heart
By a natural pacemaker, in the walls of muscle in the heart
How are arteries adapted to take blood away from the heart?
Since the heart pumps blood out at high pressure, the walls are thick and elastic, and they contain thick layers of muscle to make them stretch and spring back.
