Circulatory system

Question 1

What does the pulmonary vein do?

Answer 1

Brings oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart

Question 2

What does the pulmonary artery do?

Answer 2

Takes deoxygenated blood to the lungs

Question 3

What does the aorta do?

Answer 3

Carries blood around the body

Question 4

What is plasma?

Answer 4

A straw coloured liquid used for transport

Question 5

What are Red Blood Cells used for?

Answer 5

Oxygen transport

Question 6

What are White Blood Cells used for?

Answer 6

Defence against disease

Question 7

What are Platelets used for?

Answer 7

Clotting

Question 8

How long do Red Blood Cells live for?

Answer 8

90 days

Question 9

Does the Red Blood Cell have a nucleus?

Answer 9

No

Question 10

What does the Red Blood Cell do?

Answer 10

Carries Oxygen from the lungs to the cells

Question 11

Who are Red Blood Cells flexible?

Answer 11

To squeeze through capillaries

Question 12

How long does it take a Red Blood Cell to circulate the body?

Answer 12

45 secs

Question 13

What is Haemoglobin?

Answer 13

A red pigment containing iron, which joins to Oxygen to form oxyhemoglobin, which is bright red.

Question 14

Why does the Red Blood Cell have a large surface area?

Answer 14

To absorb more Oxygen

Question 15

Where are Red Blood Cells made?

Answer 15

In bone marrow

Question 16

Which is larger, RBCs or WBCs?

Answer 16

White Blood Cells

Question 17

Give two examples of White Blood Cells.

Answer 17

Phagocytes and Lymphocytes

Question 18

When do the numbers of WBCs increase?

Answer 18

When you’re ill

Question 19

What do White Blood Cells do?

Answer 19

Produce anti-toxins and anti-bodies to neutralise pathogen toxins.

Question 20

Where do arteries carry blood?

Answer 20

AWAY from the heart

Question 21

What are the walls of arteries like?

Answer 21

Thick and muscular

Question 22

Do arteries have a pulse?

Answer 22

Yes

Question 23

Where are arteries located?

Answer 23

Deep under the skin

Question 24

Do arteries have valves?

Answer 24

No

Question 25

Where do arteries branch at and what do they branch into?

Answer 25

They branch at their ends into tiny arterioles.

Question 26

What are capillaries?

Answer 26

Small blood vessels

Question 27

How big are capillaries?

Answer 27

One cell thick

Question 28

Where do veins carry blood?

Answer 28

TO the heart

Question 29

What kind of walls do veins have?

Answer 29

Thin ones

Question 30

Where are veins located?

Answer 30

Near the surface of the skin

Question 31

Do veins have valves?

Answer 31

Yes

Question 32

Why do veins have valves?

Answer 32

To stop back flow of blood

Question 33

Where do veins branch and what do they branch into?

Answer 33

Veins branch at their beginning into tiny arterioles.

Question 34

Where is your heart pacemaker?

Answer 34

In the Right Atrium

Question 35

What is a heart pacemaker?

Answer 35

A group of cells that control the heart rate

Question 36

How is an artificial heart maker fitted and what does it do?

Answer 36

It is fitted under the skin and has wires going into the heart, which send an electric current to keep the heart beating regularly.

Question 37

How does coronary heart disease happen?

Answer 37

Coronary arteries become clogged up with a fatty material called ATHEROMA, which stops blood carrying oxygen from getting back to the heart muscle (can cause a heart attack).

Question 38

What can stents do?

Answer 38

Be inserted into arteries to open them up.

Question 39

Give three negative points about stents.

Answer 39

- the artery can narrow again - the artery gets scarred by the stent - the patient needs to take drugs to stop blood from clotting around the stent

Question 40

What is the effect of the circulatory system during exercise?

Answer 40

During exercise muscle cells need more energy, therefore they need to respire more, which means that they need more oxygen and glucose. To meet this demand the heart contracts more often, increasing the heart rate and the heart contracts more powerfully, meaning the stroke volume increases, pumping a greater volume of blood with each beat.

Question 41

What does the vena cava do?

Answer 41

Brings deoxygenated blood from the body to the heart