circulatory system Flashcards
What is the function of the circulatory system?
Responsible for transporting nutrients, gases, and other molecules throughout the body. Consists of the heart, blood vessels, and blood.
What is the heart?
Complex muscle that pumps blood through the three divisions of the circulatory system. About the size of a clenched fist.
What are the divisions of the circulatory system?
Coronary, pulmonary, systemic
What does the systemic circuit do?
Carries oxygenated blood from the heart to the organs and tissues.
What does the pulmonary circuit do?
Transports oxygen-depleted blood from the heart to the lungs.
What are the chambers of the heart?
Right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium, left ventricle.
What do the atria do?
Chambers that receive blood.
What does the right atrium receive?
Deoxygenated blood from the superior and inferior vena cava.
What does the left atrium receive?
Oxygenated blood from the lungs with pulmonary veins.
What do the ventricles do?
Chambers that pump blood.
What does the right ventricle pump?
Blood low in oxygen from the right atrium passing through the tricuspid valve to the lungs.
What does the left ventricle pump?
oxygenated blood through the aorta taking it to the organs and muscles of the body.
What does the pulmonary artery do?
Transports deoxygenated blood from the right side of the heart to the lungs for oxygenation.
What do valves do?
Control blood flow through the heart. Includes tricuspid, pulmonary, mitral, aortic valves.
What are the layers of the heart?
Epicardium, myocardium, endocardium.
What are arteries?
Muscular and elastic tubes that carry blood away from the heart under high pressure.
What are veins?
Drain blood from the organs and limbs that the major arteries supply. Carry blood back to the heart.
What are capillaries?
Narrow tubes that allow red blood cells to pass through in a single file. Site of exchange of nutrients, waste, and oxygen with tissues.
What are the tunics of blood vessels?
Tunica Intima, Tunic media, Tunic externa.
What is blood?
Bodily fluid that transports oxygen, nutrients, hormones, metabolic waste, dissolved gases, and waste products. Protects against toxins, pathogens, and blood loss injuries.
What is the composition of blood cells and plasma?
55% Plasma and 45% blood cells.
What is plasma?
Pale yellowish liquid that is 92% water. Remaining 8% is dissolved complex mixtures.
What are red blood cells?
Produced by bone marrow, circular, flattened, biconcave, no nucleus, generates ATP, and contains hemoglobin.
What are white blood cells?
Colorless, do not contain hemoglobin, fewer in number, contain nucleus, protect the body from diseases.
