circulatory system

Question 1

What is the function of the circulatory system?

Answer 1

Responsible for transporting nutrients, gases, and other molecules throughout the body. Consists of the heart, blood vessels, and blood.

Question 2

What is the heart?

Answer 2

Complex muscle that pumps blood through the three divisions of the circulatory system. About the size of a clenched fist.

Question 3

What are the divisions of the circulatory system?

Answer 3

Coronary, pulmonary, systemic

Question 4

What does the systemic circuit do?

Answer 4

Carries oxygenated blood from the heart to the organs and tissues.

Question 5

What does the pulmonary circuit do?

Answer 5

Transports oxygen-depleted blood from the heart to the lungs.

Question 6

What are the chambers of the heart?

Answer 6

Right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium, left ventricle.

Question 7

What do the atria do?

Answer 7

Chambers that receive blood.

Question 8

What does the right atrium receive?

Answer 8

Deoxygenated blood from the superior and inferior vena cava.

Question 9

What does the left atrium receive?

Answer 9

Oxygenated blood from the lungs with pulmonary veins.

Question 10

What do the ventricles do?

Answer 10

Chambers that pump blood.

Question 11

What does the right ventricle pump?

Answer 11

Blood low in oxygen from the right atrium passing through the tricuspid valve to the lungs.

Question 12

What does the left ventricle pump?

Answer 12

oxygenated blood through the aorta taking it to the organs and muscles of the body.

Question 13

What does the pulmonary artery do?

Answer 13

Transports deoxygenated blood from the right side of the heart to the lungs for oxygenation.

Question 14

What do valves do?

Answer 14

Control blood flow through the heart. Includes tricuspid, pulmonary, mitral, aortic valves.

Question 15

What are the layers of the heart?

Answer 15

Epicardium, myocardium, endocardium.

Question 16

What are arteries?

Answer 16

Muscular and elastic tubes that carry blood away from the heart under high pressure.

Question 17

What are veins?

Answer 17

Drain blood from the organs and limbs that the major arteries supply. Carry blood back to the heart.

Question 18

What are capillaries?

Answer 18

Narrow tubes that allow red blood cells to pass through in a single file. Site of exchange of nutrients, waste, and oxygen with tissues.

Question 19

What are the tunics of blood vessels?

Answer 19

Tunica Intima, Tunic media, Tunic externa.

Question 20

What is blood?

Answer 20

Bodily fluid that transports oxygen, nutrients, hormones, metabolic waste, dissolved gases, and waste products. Protects against toxins, pathogens, and blood loss injuries.

Question 21

What is the composition of blood cells and plasma?

Answer 21

55% Plasma and 45% blood cells.

Question 22

What is plasma?

Answer 22

Pale yellowish liquid that is 92% water. Remaining 8% is dissolved complex mixtures.

Question 23

What are red blood cells?

Answer 23

Produced by bone marrow, circular, flattened, biconcave, no nucleus, generates ATP, and contains hemoglobin.

Question 24

What are white blood cells?

Answer 24

Colorless, do not contain hemoglobin, fewer in number, contain nucleus, protect the body from diseases.

Question 25

What are platelets?

Answer 25

Fragments with nucleus from megakaryocytes, involved in clotting of blood.

Question 26

What is the importance of the circulatory system?

Answer 26

Delivers oxygen and nutrients to cells, removes waste products from cells, regulates body temperature, protects against toxins and pathogens.

Question 27

How do the respiratory and circulatory systems work together?

Answer 27

Transport oxygen and carbon dioxide throughout the body. Lungs take in oxygen and release carbon dioxide, heart pumps blood carrying oxygen and carbon dioxide.